Okayama University Medical SchoolActa Medica Okayama0386-300X6532011A One-Message Question in a Structured Interview: Investigating Psychological Needs of Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders Directed toward Their Mothers185192ENKumiWatanabeAyumiOkadaNobuyukiOkabeMasaruOnishiTsuneoMorishimaOriginal Article10.18926/AMO/46630The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological needs of children and adolescents with eating disorders (ED) directed toward their mothers. Patients with ED have low self-assertion and various abnormal eating behaviors. Therefore, mothers face difficulty in understanding their children's psychological needs, and the mother-child relationship is sometimes strained. We developed a One-Message Question (OMQ)-structured interview. The OMQ was easy to answer, and it helped the patients with ED. We examined the relationship between psychological needs and illness phase of the children and adolescents, and we discuss the viability of implementing the OMQ in clinical settings. The subjects were 23 patients and their parents. Their parents were just asked about the patients' background. The mean age of the patients was 15.8 years, and the average age of ED onset was 13.5 years. The EDs were anorexia nervosa (n＝20) and bulimia nervosa (n＝3). The phases of patients' illness were identified as anorexic (n＝5), bulimic (n＝7), chronic (n＝3), and stable (n＝8). All subjects provided specific responses to the OMQ-structured interview. Data analyses revealed the following seven categories of patients' psychological needs directed toward their mothers:attachment, cooperation in meeting their goals, longing for love, changing attitude toward family members, respect for self-reliance, expression of apology, and expression of appreciation. These findings suggested that the OMQ-structured interview may prove useful for mothers to understand their children's psychological needs and may encourage positive interactions as a foundation for future recovery.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-15581037-81991カイニン酸誘発けいれんにおける細胞外ドパミン量の経時的変化―脳内微小透析法を用いた実験的研究―769778ENMasaruOhnishiTo investigate the role of brain dopaminergic systems in epilepsy, striatal extracellular levels of dopamins (DA) and its metabolites (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : DOPAC and homovanillic acid : HVA) were measured during kainate-induced limbic seizures in freely-moving rats, using brain microdialysis. DA and its metabolites were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Systemic injection of kainate (10mg/㎏, i. p.), which caused stable limbic seizures, significantly decreased the levels of DA and its metabolites. Intrahippocampal injection of kainae (2.5nmol), which also caused limbic seizures, significantly decreased only the DA levels, while DOPAC and HVA levels were unchanged. Similar to the results of the systemic injectjon, intrastriatal perfusion of kainate (10(-2) or 10(-6) M) significantly decreased the levels of DA, DOPAC and HVA in a dose-dependent manner. These findings indicate that, during kainate-induced limbic seizures, DA release was significantly reduced in the striatum. In conclusion, the hypofunction of striatal dopaminergic systems is related to the initiation and progress in epileptic seizures.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-155811332001性同一性障害に対する包括的医療の実践―精神科神経科での経験―261266ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Acta Medica Okayama1991カイニン酸誘発けいれんにおける細胞外ドパミン量の経時的変化 脳内微小透析法を用いた実験的研究ENNo potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.