MDPIActa Medica Okayama2227-90321362025Effects of Trehalose on Halitosis: A Randomized Cross-Over Clinical Trial619ENHisatakaMiyaiDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTakaakiTomofujiDepartment of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi UniversityHirofumiMizunoDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityManabuMoritaDepartment of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health CareMomokoNakaharaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalKotaKataokaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalIchiroSumitaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalYurikaUchidaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalNaokiToyamaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityAyaYokoiDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityReikoYamanaka-KohnoDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalNorikoTakeuchiDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalTakayukiMaruyamaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityDaisukeEkuniDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityBackground/Objectives: Halitosis is a condition characterized by an unpleasant malodor. Intra-oral halitosis is caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) and can be associated with oral dryness. Trehalose is one of the materials used to relieve oral dryness. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of trehalose on halitosis. Methods: This prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over study enrolled volunteers from Okayama University Hospital. The participants were randomly divided into two groups, with one group receiving trehalose (a 10% trehalose solution) and the other receiving a placebo (distilled water) in a 1:1 allocation. The primary study outcome was the subjective organoleptic test. The secondary outcomes were the concentrations of the VSCs, which were measured using a portable gas chromatography device, and the oral moisture status, which was measured using an oral moisture meter. The planned sample size was 10 participants based on the previous study. Results: The final intention-to-treat analysis was performed using the data from 9 participants. After applying 10% trehalose as an oral spray, the organoleptic score decreased in a time-dependent manner. However, no significant differences were seen between the trehalose and placebo groups. In terms of secondary outcomes, the oral moisture levels increased immediately after the trehalose spray application, and significant differences in the amount of change from the baseline were seen between the trehalose and placebo groups (p = 0.047). No significant differences were seen in any of the other variables (p > 0.05). Conclusions: We could not identify any positive effects on halitosis from a one-time 10% trehalose application as an oral spray in this prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. However, the trehalose application immediately improved the oral moisture levels and was useful for treating oral dryness.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.Nature PortfolioActa Medica Okayama2045-23221412024Perioperative gum-chewing training prevents a decrease in tongue pressure after esophagectomy in thoracic esophageal cancer patients: a nonrandomized trial23886ENReikoYamanaka-KohnoDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalYasuhiroShirakawaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceAyaYokoiDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityNaoakiMaedaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceShunsukeTanabeDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceKazuhiroNomaDepartment of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceKazuyoshiShimizuDepartment of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University HospitalToshiharuMituhashiCenter for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University HospitalYoshihideNakamuraDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical ScienceSoutoNanbaDental Clinic, Kurashiki Medical Check-Up CenterYurikaUchidaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Division of Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalTakayukiMaruyamaDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityManabuMoritaDepartment of Oral Health Sciences, Takarazuka University of Medical and Health CareDaisukeEkuniDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama UniversityTongue pressure (TP) decreases significantly after esophagectomy in esophageal cancer patients (ECPs). Meanwhile, 2 weeks of gum-chewing training (GCT) significantly increased TP in healthy university students. We examined whether perioperative GCT would decrease the proportion of patients exhibiting a decline in TP at 2 weeks postoperatively, and prevent postoperative complications, in thoracic ECPs (TECPs). This was a single-center interventional study, and nonrandomized study with a historical control group (HCG). TECPs who underwent first-stage radical esophagectomy were recruited. Thirty-two patients of 40 in the gum-chewing group (GCG) were completed perioperative GCT in 3 times daily. Propensity score matching was performed with covariates related to TP including preoperative age, sex, body mass index, and the repetitive saliva swallowing test result, and yielded a matched cohort of 25 case pairs. Eleven GCG patients [44.0%] exhibited significantly lower TP at 2 weeks postoperatively than before esophagectomy was significantly fewer than that of 19 patients [76.0%] in the HCG. The median number of fever days (> 38 degrees C) in the 2 weeks after esophagectomy in the GCG was significantly fewer than those in the HCG. Perioperative GCT may prevent postoperative TP decline and postoperative dysphagia-related complications after esophagectomy.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.International Institute of Anticancer ResearchActa Medica Okayama0258851X3422020Comparison of Saccharin Time in Nursing Home Residents With and Without Pneumonia: A Preliminary Study845848ENYurikaUchidaDivision of Hospital Dentistry, Okayama University HospitalKanjiNoharaDepartment of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of DentistryNobukazuTanakaDivision of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Dental HospitalNamiFujiiDivision of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Dental HospitalHikariFukatsuDivision of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Dental HospitalNobukoKanekoNaniwa College of Dental HygieneMakotoMitsuyamaMedical Corporation KeieikaiTakayoshiSakaiDepartment of Oral-Facial Disorders, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistryackground/Aim: Although mucociliary clearance is important for preventing pneumonia, its association with the onset of pneumonia is unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the association between saccharin test results as a potential measure of mucociliary clearance and history of pneumonia in nursing home residents. Patients and Methods: Ninety elderly nursing home residents (elderly group) were selected, 35 of whom had a history of pneumonia. Twenty-five healthy adults (adult group) were also investigated to provide baseline values for this study. We conducted the saccharin test to evaluate mucociliary clearance and compared the saccharin time (ST) between those with and without history of pneumonia. Results: Mean ST in the adult group was 12}6 min. The ST in the pneumonia group was significantly longer than that in the non-pneumonia group (32}23 min vs. 17}13 min) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Impaired mucociliary clearance is a factor in the development of pneumonia among nursing home residents.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.