学校運動部活動指導者の心理的負担感と対処に関する検討

　本研究の目的は，学校運動部活動指導における指導者の心理的負担感と対処について検討することである。対象は，自己記入式質問票に回答した学校運動部活動指導者96人。質的検討を行った結果，指導者は，生徒の態度，保護者からのクレーム，指導者自身の指導力不足，同僚の非協力的態度等を心理的負担に感じていた。生徒や保護者とコミュニケーションを図り信頼関係を構築すること，自己研鑽すること，信頼できる関係者に相談すること等が，対処方略になっていた。心理的負担感を乗り越えた程度と心理社会的要因の関連を検討したところ，心理的負担感を乗り越えたと認識している程度が5割以下の群は，6割以上の群に比べて，有意に抑うつ気分や不安感が高く，健康感や対人関係自己効力感が低かった。以上より，学校運動部活動指導に携わる教員等指導者の心理的負担感を見立て，心理的負担感に対処するこころの健康対策が重要だと考えられた。

　The objective of this study is to understand psychological distress impacts coaches in school-based extracurricular sports activities, and how they can develop coping strategies. Data was collected from ninety-six coaches who filled out a self-reported questionnaire. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Coaches reported distress arising from student’s attitudes, claims from parents, non-collaboration among coaches and the other teachers, and lack of good coaching skills of themselves. The coaches also reported their coping strategies as communicating with students and parents to develop good relationships, self-improvement, talking to reliable co-workers about their psychological distress. The coaches who perceived as they overcame their psychological distress less than half or half reported higher depressive and anxiety feelings, less healthy feelings, and lower self-efficacy on interpersonal relationships compared with who perceived as they overcame their psychological distress more than half. It may be important to assess and develop mental health strategies to prevent and intervene in psychological distress of coaches in school-based extracurricular sports activities.