岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987イソフルレン麻酔の循環動態と血中カテコラミン濃度に関する実験的研究10171029ENShigehiroSakanoIn the present study, dogs were administered isoflurane at 3 concentrations, 1.5%, 2.2% and 3%, for 135 min. The end-tidal concentrations and blood concentrations of isoflurane were determined, and the relation between circulation dynamics and blood catecholamine concentrations was examined. In addition, the effect of a pain stimulation, given 120 min. after starting the inhalation, on the circulation dynamics and blood catecholamine concentrations was investigated. From 30 min. after the inhalation was begun, the anesthetic depth was maintained at 1MAC, 1.5MAC and 2MAC at the isoflurane inhalation concentrations of 1.5%, 2.2% and 3%, respectively. The blood isoflurane concentrations changed proportionally with the end-tidal concentrations: 9.8 mg/dl at 1MAC, 14.8 mg/dl at 1.5MAC and 19.0 mg/dl at 2MAC. The correlations between the blood isoflurane concentrations during inhalation and several parameters of circulatory dynamics were highly negative. The correlation coefficients were γ=-0.888 (mean arterial pressure), γ=-0.726 (heart rate), γ=-0.743 (cardiac index) and γ=-0.855 (left ventricular peak dp/dt/IP). On the other hand, the correlation between the blood isoflurane concentrations and the systemic vascular resistance was low (γ=-0.515). Highly negative correlations were found between the blood isoflurane concentrations during inhalation and the blood catecholamine concentrations: adrenaline, γ=-0.864; noradrenaline, γ=-0.687. The results of the present study indicate that isoflurane suppresses the circulatory dynamics, and that this suppression is due in part to the suppression of the sympathetic nervous system and adrenal system, as indicated by the blood catecholamine levels. However, while the catecholamine levels recovered after termination of the inhalation, none of the parameters of circulatory dynamics returned to pre-inhalation levels except the mean arterial pressure. The recovery of the heart rate, cardiac index and left ventricular peak dp/dt/IP was poor, indicating that myocardial suppression due to isoflurane continued even after anethesia was discontinued. The pain stimulation given 120 min into the inhalation period did not lead to any significant changes in the circulatory dynamics in any group, but it did cause a significant rise in the blood catecholamine concentration in the 1.5% (1MAC) group. This result indicates that the 1MAC isoflurane anethesia is not deep enough to block the centripetal impulse resulting from the stimulation.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987転移性骨腫瘍の臨床症状10131016ENNobuoSatohHiroyukiUedaTetsuyaNakamuraMasahiroKurodaNorikoKanzakiAkihumiMizutaKiminoriMurakamiIkuoJojaKeijiHashimotoYoshioHirakiKanameAonoThe study included 40 cases of bone metastasis experienced from January 1982 to August 1986 at the Department of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital. The rate of pain Remission was 89.6% in 29 patients given radiotherapy. Increases in serum ALP and LDH were found in a few patients and a quarter of these patients improved after radiotherapy. Serum Ca increased in 5 patients with multiple bone metastases.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987α-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (α-hANP)の冠循環および心機能に与える影響10031012ENAkinoriShimizuThe effect of synthetic human atrial 28-amino acid peptide (α-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide, α-hANP) on coronary circulation and cardiac functions were examined in openchest dogs. Continuous infusion of α-hANP into the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) increased blood flow of the LAD in a dosedependent manner. Linear regression analysis revealed the relationship as logit (changes in mean coronary conductance (MCC)=1.45×log (coronary plasma concentration of α-hANP) + 7.51, (r = 0.87, n = 29). REC50 of α-hANP was 5.1×10(-6)M, where REC50 was the concentration to increase MCC to a half maximum MCC during reactive hyperemia after a 30-second coronary occlusion. A force straingauge arch was inserteed directly onto the myocardium supplied by the LAD. Indices of myocardial contractility measured, myocardial force (F), max dF/dt and LVmax dp/dt, were not altered by either bolus intravenous injection or continuous intracoronary infusion of α-hANP. These results suggest that α-hANP increased coronary conductance, but did not change myocardial contractility.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987肺癌患者の呼吸筋力に関する臨床的研究9871001ENAkioAndouMaximal respiratory pressure was measured as an index of respiratory muscle strength in lung cancer patients. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP, index of inspiratory muscle strength) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP, index of expiratory muscle strength) were both significantly low in the lung cancer patients and seemed to be mainly influenced by aging. MIP and MEP correlated well with each other and with FVC, FEV(1.0) and MVV, as seen in the normal adults. MIP usually dropped to about 50% of the preoperative value in lung cancer patients who underwent surgery. MIP increased gradually during the postoperative period, and returned to almost the preoperative value about 6 months after surgery. On the contrary, MEP remained low even 6 months after surgery. Sustainable inspiratory pressure, which was measured using a resistance device designed to produce a load at the inspiratory phase as an index of endurance of respiratory muscles, was significantly low in the lung cancer patients. We also evaluated the effect of preoperative respiratory training using an incentive spirometer. Respiratory training significantly increased inspiratory muscle strength. Evaluation of respiratory muscle strength and endurance in lung cancer patients was quite useful in obtaining information on respiratory function, judging the effect of respiratory training and understanding the pathophysiology of respiratory failure.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987リーメンビューゲル法による先天股脱の長期治療成績971985ENTetsuoKawakamiFrom 1962 to 1965, 110 patients with congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) and congenital subdislocation of the hip (CSdH) were treated only by the Pavlik harness. Of 89 of these patients (104 hips) who were examined at prepuberty (13-14 years old) by Dr. Ichimura of our department, 57 (69 hips) were examined at the age of 17-20 years in the present study. Clinical and roentgenographic results of the patients were analyzed, and were compared with the results of children, examined at the age of 17 and 18 years, who underwent treatment by the L(1) method. According to Miki's function criteria of the hip, 84.6% of the CDH cases and 92.6% of the CSdH cases were rated as A. In a roentgeno-graphic evaluation of the cases according to Severin's criteria, 69.0% of the CDH cases and 77.0% of the CSdH cases were rated as group 1. The patients treated by the Pavlik harness had better clinical and roentgenographic than the patients treated by the L(1) method. The preadolescent CE angle (CE) and Sharp's angle (S) were analyzed to predict the course up to the age of 17 to 20 years, and the discriminant Z=-0.055+0.011 X(1)(CE)-0.003 X(2)(S) was confirmed. Children with a CE angle greater than 20 degrees and a Sharp's angle less than 49 degrees at the age of 13 years are predicted to have a good outcome. Children with a CE angle less than 20 degrees and a Sharp's angle greater than 50 degrees should be followed up to the age of 20 years because of unsatisfactory roentgenologic signs.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987胃膵分泌相関からみた十二指腸潰瘍の発生病理 第2編 胃酸分泌および内因性刺激に対する純粋膵液の分泌動態955969ENEijiHanafusaTo delineate stomach-pancreas interactions as related to the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer, a comparison of gastric secretory function and exocrine pancreatic secretory function was made in controls, patients with gastric ulcer and those with duodenal ulcer. Gastric juice was aspirated through a Rehfuss tube before and after an injection of AOC-tetragastrin (4 μg/kg of body weight). Exocrine pancreatic function was determined by measuring the initial HCO(3) concentration (wash-out phase), HCO(3) output and maximal HCO(3) concentration of pure pancreatic juice collected endoscopically after intraduodenal instillation of hydrochloric acid (0.1 N, 100 ml). Serum secretin was also measured serially. Patients with duodenal ulcer showed significantly higher gastric acid secretion. They also showed significantly higher pancreatic HCO(3) output as well as higher initial HCO(3) concentration as in my previous study on exogenous secretin stimulation. A significant correlation was noted between gastric acid secretion and pancreatic HCO(3) secretion. However, the serum secretin response did not differ significantly among the three groups. These results indicate that patients with duodenal ulcer display a normal secretin release response to intraduodenal acid load and an augmented pancreatic bicarbobate secretion in response to the released secretin. These findings were discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987胃膵分泌相関からみた十二指腸潰瘍の発生病理 第1編 外因性刺激に対する胃液および純粋膵液の分泌動態943954ENEijiHanafusaComparative studies on gastric secretory function and exocrine pancreatic secretory function were made in 9 normal controls, 6 patients with gastric ulcer and 10 patients with duodenal ulcer by analysis of gastric juice and pure pancreatic juice (PPJ). Gastric juice was obtained through a Rehfuss tube at 10-minute intervals for 60 minutes before and after AOC-tetra-gastrin stimulation (4 μg/kg). PPJ was obtained by endoscopic retrograde catheterization of the papilla at one-minute intervals for 20 minutes after a bolus intravenous injection of secretin (Eisai, 1 U/kg) and for 10 minutes after an injection of CCK-PZ (Boots, 1 U/kg). Patients with duodenal ulcer had significantly high basal acid output (BAO) and maximal acid output (MAO), a significantly high bicarbonate concentration in the initial fraction of PPJ, and significantly high bicarbonate output during the secretin phase. A significant correlation was noted between the bicarbonate concentration in the initial fraction of the PPJ and the BAO and MAO, and also between the bicarbonate output and the BAO and MAO. These results indicate that bicarbonate secretion of the pancreas in response to secretin is proportionally raised in patients with duodenal ulcer to neutralize the raised gastric acid secretion. These findings were discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987腫瘍細胞と正常細胞との融合細胞による特異的抗腫瘍免疫の誘導931941ENKiyoshiHiroseSix hybrid cell clones were obtained by the fusion of Meth-A sarcoma cells (BALB/c mouse origin) and L(AG) cells (C3H mouse fibroblast) with the use of PEG 4000. The clones, named L-Me-A, B, C, D, E and F, were tested for their anti-tumor effects in mice. Each hybrid cell clone expressed both Meth-A sarcoma cell antigen and L(AG) cell antigen. Though each hybrid cell clone showed 51-88% of Meth-A sarcoma cell antigen, none of the clones produced tumors in normal BALB/c mice after s.c. inoculation of 10(6) cells. Normal BALB/c mice pretreated weekly with viable 10(6) L-Me-C cells for three weeks showed specific resistance to a challenge of Meth-A sarcoma cells. In the Winn assay, anti-tumor activity was observed in immune spleen cells and was lost by treatment with anti-Thy-1.2 antibody or anti-Lyt-1.2 antibody and complement, but not by treatment with anti-Lyt-2.2 antibody and complement. Adoptive transfer of this immune spleen cell fraction (Thy-1(+), Lyt-1(+)2(-) cells) to Meth-A sarcoma bearing mice was effective against tumor growth, too. Furthermore, inoculations of L-Me-C cells in BALB/c mice bearing Meth-A sarcomas depressed tumor growth remarkably. These results indicate that the anti-tumor immunity induced by hybrid cells was produced by Thy-1(+), Lyt-1(+)2(-) cells. It may be possible to apply this anti-tumor immunity not only to the prophylactic protection of normal hosts against the challenge of parental tumor but also to the therapy of hosts bearing parental tumors.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987倉敷市で発生した椋鳥住血吸虫セルカリアによる水田性皮膚炎925930ENYasumasaTonguJulieta YuriKimuraHiroyukiDoiAkiraIshiiAn epidemic of dermatitis after working in paddy fields has been prevalent in Fukuda township of Kurashiki City. The dermatitis occurs from middle June to early July. The cercariae of Gigantobilharzia sturniae were detected in 26 (2.2%) out of 1169 Segmentina nitidella, which indicates that these cercariae are an important causative agent of the dermatitis.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987海馬領域に対するカイニン酸の毒性作用についての光学顕微鏡的・電子顕微鏡的研究903924ENTadashiYamasakiKainic acid was injected into the rat peritoneal cavity or lateral ventricle, and its toxic effect on pyramidal cells in the hippocampal formation was observed by light and electron microscopy. Pyramidal cells in areas CA3 and CA4 showed two types of degeneration 3 hr after the intraperitoneal administration of 2 mg of kainic acid. One type was vacuolar degeneration, in which the cells became bright with scanty cytoplasm. In the other type, the cells became dark with pyknosis and electron dense cytoplasm. As the dose of kainic acid was increased, the number of dark degenerated cells increased. One hr after the administration of 0.3 μg of kainic acid into the lateral ventricle, bright and vacuolated cells were observed, and later, dark cells also appeared. Both types of degeneration were observed electron microscopically 30 min after the intraperitoneal administration of 4 mg of kainic acid. Later, dark cells increased in number. Fifteen min after the administration into the lateral ventricle, both types of degeneration were observed, and the subsequent course was similar as with the intraperitoneal administration. Pyramidal cells in areas CA1 and CA2, and granular cells in the gyrus dentatus, did not show any degeneration. Mossy fiber endings did not show any degeneration either, and the distribution of zinc in these fibers observed by Timm's method did not change. From these results, the relationship between the dose and the effect of kainic acid and the mechanism of its toxic action were discussed.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987揮発性吸入麻酔薬enflurane, isofluraneの血中溶解機序に関する実験的研究891901ENKeiichiTadaThis study was performed to elucidate the difference in the mechanism of the dissolution of enflurane and isoflurane into human, dog and bovine blood in terms of changes in the hematocrit using the highly accurate analytical method of direct gas chromatography. With enflurane, as the hematocrit increased, the blood-gas partition coefficient for human and bovine blood decreased linearly (P < 0.001), and that for dog blood increased linearly (P < 0.001). With isoflurane, as the hematocrit increased, the blood-gas partition coefficient for the blood of all three animals decreased linearly (P < 0.001). Enflurane has a stroger affinity for red cells than for plasma in dog blood, as indicated by positive linearlity, while the opposite is true in human and bovine blood, as indicated by negative linearlity. Isoflurane has a stronger affinity for plasma than for red cells as indicated by negative linearlity in human, dog and bovine blood. The characteristic value of the red cell/plasma partition coefficient was 2.92 for enflurane in dog blood, and 0.09 for isoflurane in human blood.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987ヒト赤血球のグリセリン溶血に対する銅及び(有機)水銀化合物の単独及び複合作用885890ENYoshiyukiMiyajiThe effects of copper, organic mercury and a mixture of the two on glycerol lysis of erythrocytes were examined. Copper ion and organic mercury (EMP; ethylmercury phosphate, and PCMB; sodium p-chloromercuricbenzoate) inhibited glycerol lysis of erythrocytes. The inhibitory effects was dependent on the incubation period. An equimolor solution of copper ion and EMP showed between copper ion and EMP. Similar results were obtained with copper and PCMB.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987倉敷市,玉野市で採取した浮遊粉塵の重金属成分の分析881884ENYoshiyukiMiyajiYusakuNogamiKunihikoIshiiMasanaOgataHeavy metals suspended in the air at 3 stations in Okayama Profecture were measured by x-ray fluorescence analysis. The concentration of heavy metals were in the descending order of Fe>Zn≈Pb>Cu•Mn at the station in Kurashiki, Fe>Zn>Pb>Cu•Mn at station B in Tamano and Fe>Zn>Pb•Cu>Mn at station C in Tamano.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987ラット肝ミトコンドリアに対するカドミウム,銅,亜鉛の単独及び複合作用863879ENYoshiyukiMiyajiThe effects of metals on oxdative phosphorylation, ATPase and electron transport were examined. Cadmium accelerated state 4 respiration and increased latent ATPase activity, indicating that cadmium is an uncoupler of the energy transport reaction. Cadmium did not inhibit site 1, 2 or 3 of the electron transport chain. Copper inhibited state 3 respiration, accelerated state 4 respiration, increased latent ATPase activity and decreased stimulated ATPase activity, indicating that copper is an uncoupler and effects the energy tranport reaction. Copper did not inhibit site 1, 2 or 3 of the electron transport chain. Zinc inhibited state 3 and state 4 respiration, increased latent ATPase activity, decreased stimulated ATPase activity slightly, and inhibited sites 1 and 2 of the electron tranport chain. One pair of the 3 metals had additive effects on state 3 and 4 respiratory activity and on stimulated and latent ATPase activity. A competitive reaction between copper and zinc was observed in the effects on sites 1 and 2 of the electron transport chain.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987亜硝酸イオンによる正常およびアカタラセミアマウス溶血液中のメトヘモグロビン生成とそれに対するトコフェロール類およびアスコルビン酸の抑制作用について851862ENNaoyaIokuThe inhibitory effects of tocopherol derivatives and ascorbic acid on methemoglobin formation by nitrite ion in the bloods of normal and acatalasemic mice were examined. Methemoglobin formation by nitrite ion was inhibited by tocopherol derivatives at final concentrations ranging from 0 to 500μM. Methemoglobin formation in the acatalasemic blood was higher than that in the normal blood at the same concentration of tocopherol derivatives. The inhibitory effects of tocopherol derivatives on the methemoglobin formation in the bloods of both normal and acatalasemic mice were in the descending order of d-α, dl-α, d-β, d-γ and d-δ. This is order coincides with the order of biological activity. Ascorbic acid inhibited methemoglobin formation by nitrite ion at the final concentrations ranging from 0 to 1.2 μM. The inhibitory effect of ascorbic acid was markedly lower than that of tocopherol. Methemoglobin formation in the acatalasemic blood was slightly higher than that in the normal blood at the same concentration of ascorbic acid.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987亜硝酸イオンによる正常およびアカタラセミアマウス溶血液のメトヘモグロビン生成の差異について843849ENNaoyaIokuThe formation of methemoglobin from hemoglobin in the hemolysates of normal and acatalasemic mice was studied by addition of nitrite ion in the range from 0.99-2.60 mM. Data indicated that induction period of methemoglobin formation in the acatalasemic hemolysate is shorter than that in the normal hemolysate and maximal velocity in the acatalasemic hemolysate is heigher than that in the normal hemolysate. The results indicated that velocity of methemoglobin formation in the acatalasemic hemolysate is faster than that in the normal hemolysate.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987(99m)Tc標識肝・胆道造影剤による体質性黄疸の経時的シンチグラフィー,ならびに肝細胞癌の陽性描出に関する研究829842ENTsuyoshiMitaniSequential 2 min scintiphotos were obtained with a scintilation camera after intravenous injection of 3mCi of (99m)Tc-HIDA or (99m)Tc-PI. Digital matrix images were simultaneously recorded with computer. Sequential samples for the blood clearance of (99m)Tc-HIDA or (99m)Tc-PI were obtained for 120 min following injection to the patient of constitutional hyperbilirubinemia and ICG excretory defect disease. In Dubin-Johnson syndrome, the hepatic uptake of (99m)Tc-HIDA was faster or normal but the excretion was extremely slower than in normal cases. Both hepatic uptake and excretion of (99m)Tc-PI were almost normal. In Rotor's disease, hepatic uptake of (99m)Tc-HIDA or (99m)Tc-PI was very poor, showing almost no hepatic images in all time. In Gilbert's disease and ICG excretory defect disease, hepatic uptake and excretion of (99m)Tc-HIDA or (99m)Tc-PI were within normal limit. From these results, Dubin-Johnson syndrome, Rotor's disease and Gilbert's disease show the different patterns between hepatic uptake and excretion of (99m)Tc-HIDA and (99m)Tc-PI hepatobiliary scintigraphy and these patterns contribute to the differential diagnosis of constitutional jaundice. The usefulness of hepatobiliary imaging with (99m)Tc-EHIDA in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was studied in 15 patients with histologically verified HCC. In 15 patients, 3 patients (20%) showed increased radioactivity with (99m)Tc-EHIDA image, where liver scan with (99m)Tc-Sn colloid showed filling defect. These results indicate that use of (99m)Tc-EHIDA scan and (67)Ga-citrate imaging is useful for positive visualization of HCC.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987ヒト消化管粘膜におけるBilirubin UDP-Glucuronyl Transferase活性の検討819827ENYasuoFujitaBilirubin UDP-glucuronyl transferase (GT) activity in the liver and small intestine of ten patients was examined. In five of the ten patients, GT activity was examined systematically in various tissues including the liver, kidney, spleen, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ascending and sigmoid colon. GT activity was detected not only in the liver but also in the small intestinal mucosa, especially in the jejunum. No detectable activity was found in the other tissues examined. The enzyme kinetics indicated that the GT in the liver and the GT in the small intestine were the same enzyme. GT activity in both the liver and small intestine was more effectively activated with the cationic detergent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide than digitonin, that has usually been employed. This activation was not affected by jaundice. Small intestinal GT activity in the five patients with hepatocellular jaundice was generally higher than that in the two patients with obstructive jaundice and the three nonicteric patients.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987持続的直流通電による家兎大脳皮質脳波の変化について807817ENTakaakiSunamiSurface anodal direct current was applied to the motor cortex at the respresentation of the contralateral forelimb in anesthetized or unanesthetized rabbits. The first abnormal activity (isolated spikes) appeared as the current intensity reached ca. 100μA. The activity occurred first from the frontal pole in most cases. As the current was further intensified, spikes became more frequent. Sharp waves, augmented fast waves and slow waves were also included in the seizure activity. Finally, all the cortical leads were involved in serious seizure activity, which was highly disordered and looked like noise. However, the author believed that this highly disordered EEG activity was not an artifact, but rather electrocortical activity because of the following reasons : 1. Sometimes, a seizure with a similar pattern occurred after the polarizing current was turned off. 2. Seizure activity started mostly from the frontal pole, which was rather distant from the polarizing anode. 3. Multiple unit discharges were recorded from the cortex under the polarizing electrode only during serious seizure activity. 4. Augmentation of microvibration at the distal end of the forelimbs was observed in parallel with seizure activity. No apparent movement, except for augmented microvibration of the forelimbs, was observed even during serious cortical seizure activity. Therefore, cortical efferent neurons probably cortributed little to the seizure activity. Intense surface anodal current, which is sufficient to induce seizure EEG activity may have a strong facilitatory effect on certain types of cortical neurons, as indicated by the intense neuronal discharges recorded during seizure EEG activity.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987鉄塩誘導てんかん原性焦点組織におけるグアニジノ化合物の変動に関する研究 ― 特にラジカル反応によるグアニジノ化合物の生成について787806ENMasatoFukushimaChanges in the levels of guanidino compounds in the cortex, hippocampus, striatum, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata and cerebellum were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography after an injection of ferric chloride into the sensory motor cortex of SD rats. Levels of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) and methylguanidine (MG) changed greatly 15 and 30 min after the injection, but recovered to normal levels 24 to 48 hours after the injection. GAA and MG increased two or three times the normal level 2 months after the injection, at which time iron-induced epileptogenic foci were formed. Levels of other guanidino compounds, i.e., N-acetylarginine, guanidinoacetic acid, arginine (Arg), homoarginine and creatinine (CRN) also changed, though the extent of the changes was not as marked as with GAA and MG. Rapidly increased generation of hydroxyl radical and peroxide intermediate radical(s) was observed by electron spin resonance analysis after addition of ferric chloride and hydrogen peroxide to rat brain homogenate. Levels of MG and GAA also increased. A significant relationship between the generation of hydroxyl radical and the formation of MG was recognized. The formation of MG in the system was dependent on the concentration of CRN but independent of the concentration of Arg and GAA. These results suggest that MG formed from CRN may act on neurones after iron injection into the rat brain, thus forming epileptogenic feci.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987老令者手指関節の変性変化に関する研究775786ENYoshiyukiIwataIn the present study, soft x-ray and light microscopic examinations were carried out on 17 interphalangeal (IP) joints and 85 distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints with Heberden's nodes from 15 cadavers. Microradiograms of the IP and DIP joints were analyzed as to the degenerative changes in the antero-posterior and lateral views according to our own criteria. Degenerative changes were more severe in females than in males. Advanced degeneration was found in the index, middle and little fingers, while the thumb and ring fingers had less degeneration. In the hands with evident Heberden's nodes, all fingers showed extensive degenerative changes. This fact indicates that such individuals have a hereditary tendency to advance to finger joint degeneration. Light microscopic observations were made on sectioned samples from articular cartilage, subchondral bone, synovium and tendon insertion. Degenerative changes in the articular cartilage from finger joints included irregular orientation of the tidemark (69%), cell cluster formation (66%), fissure formation (59%), splitting of the cartilage from the subchondral bone (48%), defect of the whole cartilage layer (28%) and fibrocartilage repair (17%). In the subchondral bone, there was hypertrophy of bone trabeculae (82%), osteophyte formation (51%) and bone cyst formation (10%). Synovial membranes had villi formation with lining-cell proliferation, but no inflammatory cell infiltration was found in the subsynovial layer. Bony spur formation was sometimes found in the tendon insertion to the distal phalanx. Microradiographic and histological observations of IP and DIP joints with Heberden's node disclosed degenerative changes similar to osteoarthritic alterations described in other reports.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987肝におけるhistidyl-proline diketopiperazine結合部位の生化学的研究763773ENSetsukoOharaCharacteristics of histidyl-proline diketopiperazine [cyclo (His-Pro)] binding sites in the rat liver were studied using (3)H-labeled cyclo (His-Pro). Scatchard analysis suggested that the rat liver membrane had a single binding site with an apparent dissociation constant (K(d)) of 92×10(-9)M. Pretreatment of membrane preparations with soybean trypsin inhibitor increased cyclo(His-Pro) binding, and the binding activity was sensitive to trypsin and phospholipase A digestion, suggesting that protein and phospholipid moieties are essential for cyclo (His-Pro) binding. Thiol reagents reduced binding activity, suggesting that the thiol group might be an important constituent of the cyclo (His-Pro) binding site. Cross-reactivities of TRH, TRH analogues, L-His and L-Pro were very low (0.2-9%). Cyclo (His-Pro) binding of female rat liver was markedly lower than that of male rat liver. Scatchard analysis showed that the sex difference in cyclo (His-Pro) binding was due to different binding capacity. Cyclo (His-Pro) binding of castrated male rat liver was significantly decreased. Testosterone replacement raised the binding to the control level. These findings indicate that testosterone is an important factor in the regulation of cyclo (His-Pro) binding in the rat liver. Intraperitoneal injections of cyclo(His-Pro) (15 mg/kg/day) to mice for 3 days caused a significant loss of cyclo (His-Pro) binding sites in the liver. This loss depended on the decrease in the number of binding sites and not on the change in affinity. The cyclo (His-Pro)-mediated loss was reversible, and the specific binding returned to the original level within 3 days of the cessation of cyclo (His-Pro). These results suggest that cyclo (His-Pro) participates in regulating its own binding sites in the liver. They also indicate that specific binding sites for cyclo (His-Pro) in the rat liver have similar properties to the receptors for other polypeptides.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987El mouseの大脳皮質における5-hydroxytryptamineとtaurineのuptakeとreleaseに関する研究 ―特にけいれん準備性について―751761ENKazutoshiOgawaEl mice are epileptic mice in which convulsive seizures are easily induced by throwing stimulation. Uptake and release of [(3)H] 5-hydroxytryptamine and [(3)H] taurine were examined in cerebral cortical slices of non-stimulated El mice [El(-)], stimulated El mice [El(+)] during the interictal period and ddY mice (ddY), which are the mother strain of El mice and do not have a convulsive disposition. Release was defined as 40mMK(+)-stimulated release. Uptake of 5-HT and taurine was lower in El(+) than in El(-), but no significant difference was found between ddY and El(-). Release of 5-HT and taurine was higher in El(-) than in either ddY or El(+). No significant difference in spontaneous release of 5-HT and taurine was found between ddY, El(-) and El(+). The taurine level in El(-) and El(+) was higher than in ddY, but no significant difference was found between El(-) and El(+). These results suggest that low uptake and release of 5-HT and taurine may increase seizure susceptibility in El(+).No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987慢性骨髄性白血病における好塩基球の形態並びに機能に関する研究 第2編 免疫走査電顕法による好塩基球のIgEレセプターと化学伝達物質の態度について737749ENShuitsuFujimotoTo clarify the ultrastructural and functional charcteristics of basophils in CML, the author observed the morphological changes of cells by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and examined the density and redistribution of IgE receptors using an immuno-SEM technique. Histamine content and release of histamine from basophils upon addition of anti-IgE were also measured. Mature basophils, corresponding to types I and II in the basophilogram, had a spherical shape, while immature cells, corresponding to types III and IV, were pearshaped. Type I, II, III and IV basophils differed in the number of microvilli, more mature basophils having more microvilli than immature basophils. The mean number of bound immunolatex particles, which indicate IgE receptors, was 19.3±14.0/basophil in healthy subjects, 42.4±30.9 in bronchial asthmatic, and 3.7±6.6 in CML patients. The number of IgE receptors in the blastic phase of CML was much lower than in the chronic phase of CML. The histamine content of basophils was 0.5±0.3 pg/cell in the blastic phase of CML compared with 1.4±0.4 pg/cell in the chronic phase of CML, 1.3±0.4 pg/cell in healthy subjects and 1.4±0.4 pg/cell in bronchial asthmatic. These data indicate that immature basophils of CML have some morphological and functional defects.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.岡山医学会Acta Medica Okayama0030-1558997-81987慢性骨髄性白血病における好塩基球の形態並びに機能に関する研究 第1編 急性転化の早期診断における好塩基球の臨床的意義について725736ENShuitsuFujimotoThe pathophysiologic role of basophils in CML has not been fully elucidated. In order to establish criteria for the early diagnosis of blastic crisis in CML and also to gain some information about the maturation of basophils in CML, the author observed light-microscopically the morphologic changes of basophils in CML using so-called basophilograms. Types I and II basophils in the basophilograms corresponded to mature basophils, whereas types III and IV corresponded mostly to immature cells (r=0.65, p<0.01). Type III and IV basophils amounted to more than 60% of all basophils in the blastic phase of CML. These findings indicated that the basophilogram is useful in the early diagnosis of blastic crisis in CML.No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.