Wiley Acta Medica Okayama 2050-0904 9 7 2021 Barium appendicitis e04583 EN Daisuke Omura Department of General Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Naoko Yunoki Department of Internal Medicine, Akaiwa Medical Association Hospital Yuki Otsuka Department of General Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Yasuhiro Nakano Department of General Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Hideharu Hagiya Department of General Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Fumio Otsuka Department of General Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine We have presented a case of barium appendicitis, which is a rare complication of barium enema studies. Barium sulfate is used widely for gastrointestinal radiographic studies and is associated with few complications. Clinicians need to be fully aware of this complication. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.