start-ver=1.4
cd-journal=joma
no-vol=13
cd-vols=
no-issue=10
article-no=
start-page=807
end-page=
dt-received=
dt-revised=
dt-accepted=
dt-pub-year=2024
dt-pub=20240509
dt-online=
en-article=
kn-article=
en-subject=
kn-subject=
en-title=
kn-title=Exploring the Regulators of Keratinization: Role of BMP-2 in Oral Mucosa
en-subtitle=
kn-subtitle=
en-abstract=
kn-abstract=The oral mucosa functions as a physico-chemical and immune barrier to external stimuli, and an adequate width of the keratinized mucosa around the teeth or implants is crucial to maintaining them in a healthy and stable condition. In this study, for the first time, bulk RNA-seq analysis was performed to explore the gene expression of laser microdissected epithelium and lamina propria from mice, aiming to investigate the differences between keratinized and non-keratinized oral mucosa. Based on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Gene Ontology (GO) Enrichment Analysis, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) was identified to be a potential regulator of oral mucosal keratinization. Monoculture and epithelial-mesenchymal cell co-culture models in the air-liquid interface (ALI) indicated that BMP-2 has direct and positive effects on epithelial keratinization and proliferation. We further performed bulk RNA-seq of the ALI monoculture stimulated with BMP-2 in an attempt to identify the downstream factors promoting epithelial keratinization and proliferation. Analysis of the DEGs identified, among others, IGF2, ID1, LTBP1, LOX, SERPINE1, IL24, and MMP1 as key factors. In summary, these results revealed the involvement of a well-known growth factor responsible for bone development, BMP-2, in the mechanism of oral mucosal keratinization and proliferation, and pointed out the possible downstream genes involved in this mechanism.
en-copyright=
kn-copyright=

en-aut-name=MuXindi
en-aut-sei=Mu
en-aut-mei=Xindi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=1
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OnoMitsuaki
en-aut-sei=Ono
en-aut-mei=Mitsuaki
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=2
ORCID=

en-aut-name=NguyenHa Thi Thu
en-aut-sei=Nguyen
en-aut-mei=Ha Thi Thu
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=3
ORCID=

en-aut-name=WangZiyi
en-aut-sei=Wang
en-aut-mei=Ziyi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=4
ORCID=

en-aut-name=ZhaoKun
en-aut-sei=Zhao
en-aut-mei=Kun
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=5
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KomoriTaishi
en-aut-sei=Komori
en-aut-mei=Taishi
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=6
ORCID=

en-aut-name=YonezawaTomoko
en-aut-sei=Yonezawa
en-aut-mei=Tomoko
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=7
ORCID=

en-aut-name=KubokiTakuo
en-aut-sei=Kuboki
en-aut-mei=Takuo
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=8
ORCID=

en-aut-name=OohashiToshitaka
en-aut-sei=Oohashi
en-aut-mei=Toshitaka
kn-aut-name=
kn-aut-sei=
kn-aut-mei=
aut-affil-num=9
ORCID=

affil-num=1
en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=2
en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=3
en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=4
en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=5
en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=6
en-affil=
kn-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences

affil-num=7
en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=

affil-num=8
en-affil=Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Implantology, Okayama University Hospital
kn-affil=

affil-num=9
en-affil=Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
kn-affil=
en-keyword=cell differentiation
kn-keyword=cell differentiation
en-keyword=epithelia
kn-keyword=epithelia
en-keyword=growth factor(s)
kn-keyword=growth factor(s)
en-keyword=bioinformatics
kn-keyword=bioinformatics
en-keyword=extracellular matrix (ECM)
kn-keyword=extracellular matrix (ECM)
en-keyword=mucocutaneous disorders
kn-keyword=mucocutaneous disorders
END