start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Molecular Dynamics of Yukawa System (Dust Plasma) with Deformable Periodic Boundary Conditions: Formulation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Molecular dynamics of the Yukawa system, the system of particles interacting via the Yukawa or the screened Coulomb potential, are formulated for various statistical ensembles and external conditions. The Yukawa potential smoothly interpolates the long-range Coulomb and the short-range interactions by adjusting a single parameter, the screening length. In order to reduce the effect of boundaries, the periodic boundary conditions are imposed and the deformations of the fundamental vectors of periodicity are taken into account. Ewald-type expressions for interaction energy, force, and kinematic pressure are given explicitly. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueYoshihiko en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Yoshihiko kn-aut-name=ˆäã‰Ã•F kn-aut-sei=ˆäã kn-aut-mei=‰Ã•F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tokunari kn-aut-name=ŠÝ–{“Ä–ç kn-aut-sei=ŠÝ–{ kn-aut-mei=“Ä–ç aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty ofIntegrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=55 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Intrinsic Bistability of Coupled Quantum Wires: Localization due to Many-Body Effects en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ground state of a system of electrons accumulated in a pair of coupled symmetric quantum wires is analyzed on the basis of density functional theory. It is shown that, in a domain of physical parameters, electrons are localized in either of wires. The main contribution to the total energy of this system comes from the Hartree energy, or the electrostatic energy, and the exchange-correlation energy between electrons. The ground state is determined by a competition between these contributions: We have symmetric electron distributions when the Hartree energy dominates and asymmetric (localized) states are realized in the opposite case. This kind of simple system with bistable electronic states may be applied to semiconductor memory devices. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TachibanaHiroyuki kn-aut-sei=Tachibana kn-aut-mei=Hiroyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HashimotoSeiji kn-aut-sei=Hashimoto kn-aut-mei=Seiji aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=65 end-page=79 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electronic States and Electron Wave Transfer in Coupled Quantum Wires and Its Control by Externally Applied Electric Field en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Quantum mechnical electron wave transfer between two quantum wires which are weakly coupled via a thin potential barrier is considered. The total electronic states are calculated with both analytical ( no field case ) and numerical methods ( under applied electric fields ). The transfer efficiency is evaluated for several specified cases of geometrical structures, potential barrier heights and the externally applied electric field. Estimated trasfer time is of the order of one picosecond in typical mesoscopic structures. The model in this paper can be used to determine important structure parameters for experiments on electron directional coupler controled by external elctric field. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HaraYuji kn-aut-sei=Hara kn-aut-mei=Yuji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Sharp Corporation affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Complex Dynamics and Search in A Cycle-Memory Neural Network en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Numerical simulations of a single layer recurrent neural network model in which the synaptic connection matrix is formed by summing cyclic products of succesive patterns show that complex dynamics can occur with the reduction of a connectivity parameter which is the number of connection between neurons. The structure in these dynamics is discussed from the viewpoint of realizing complex function using complex dynamics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of ElectricaJ and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of ElectricaJ and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Molecular Dynamics ofa Coulomb System with Deformable Periodic Boundary Conditions en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Variable shape molecular dynamics is formulated for the one-component plasma and the structural transition from the fcc lattice to the bcc lattice has been observed. It is emphasized that the condition of constant volume should be imposed when deformations of periodic boundary conditions are taken into account. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ShirokoshiHideki kn-aut-sei=Shirokoshi kn-aut-mei=Hideki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Simple Method to Evaluate Structural Stability of Group IV and III-V Semiconductors en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The structural stabilities of bulk Si, Ge, and GaAs are discussed based on the total energy evaluated by the summation of the band structure energy and the short-range repulsive potential between ions. The band structure energy is calculated by means of the simple tight-binding method. The tight-binding parameters are determined so as to fit to the results of a pseude potential calculation and Harrison's model is employed to include the influence of lattice deformation. The short-range-force is assumed to be of the exponential form and parameters are determined so as to reproduce an experimental value of bulk modulus. This treatment qualitatively well describes structural properties in spite of the simple computational procedure and roughly gives the known variation of the total energy for a <100> uniaxial strain. This method is able to be applied to an investigation of the structural stabilities of superlattices, for example, a strained layer superlattice consisting of hetero-semiconductors. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MihoShigeru kn-aut-sei=Miho kn-aut-mei=Shigeru aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=38 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ground State of Coupled Quantum Wires en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ground states of interacting electrons in coupled quantum wires are analyzed on the basis of the density functional theory. The exchange-correlation potential is calculated from 'exact' results given by the Green's function Monte Carlo method in two and three dimensions. It is shown that the critical density signifying the change from symmetrical to asymmetrical ground state is weakly dependent on the details of the exchange-correlation potential. These critical values are compared with the result of the three-dimensional analysis for a single wire. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TachibanaHiroyuki kn-aut-sei=Tachibana kn-aut-mei=Hiroyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujimuraHidenori kn-aut-sei=Fujimura kn-aut-mei=Hidenori aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=128 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Memory Search using Genetic Algorithms and a Neural Network Model en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An information processing task which generates combinatorial explosion and program complexity when it is treated by a serial algorithm is investigated using both Genetic Algorithms (GA) and a neural network model (NN). The task in question is to find a target memory from a set of stored entries in the form of "attractors" in a high dimensional state space. The representation of entries in the memory is distributed ("an auto associative neural network" in this paper), and the problem is to find an attractor under a given access information where the uniqueness or even existence of a solution is not always guaranteed ( an ill-posed problem ). The GA is used as an algorithm for generating a search orbit to search effectively for a state which satisfies the access condition and belongs to the target attractor basin in state space. The NN is used to retrieve the corresponding entry from the network. The results of our computer simulation indicate that the present method is superior to a search method which uses random walk in state space. Our technique may prove useful in the realization of flexible and adaptive information processing, since pattern search in high dimensional state spaces is common in various kinds of parallel information processing. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=BanzhafWolfgag kn-aut-sei=Banzhaf kn-aut-mei=Wolfgag aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Central Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Simulation of Quantum Systems -Dynamics of Electrons in Microstructures- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Difficulties in simulating systems composed of classical and quantum particles lie in the treatment of the many-body interactions between quantum particles and the geometrical variety of configurations of classical particles. In order to overcome these difficulties, we have developed some numerical methods and applied them to simple cases. As for stationary states, the finite element method provides us with sufficient geometrical freedom. Combined with the Kohn-Sham equation based on the density functional theory, this method virtually satisfies our requirement. In order to investigate time-dependent phenomena, we apply the time-dependent Kohn-Sham equation. Adopting the finite difference method, we are able to follow the development of quantum many-body system. As an example, we estimate the effects of the potential height, the electric field, and many-body interactions in some transition processes in quantum wells coupled by a tunneling barrier. This example is important in itself in relation to semiconductor superlattices and also serves as a benchmark for quantum simulations, variety of geometry corresponding to that of classical particles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HashimotoSeiji en-aut-sei=Hashimoto en-aut-mei=Seiji kn-aut-name=‹´–{¬m kn-aut-sei=‹´–{ kn-aut-mei=¬m aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19941130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electronic States in Semiconductor Quantum Dot with Fluctuating Interfaces en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effects of interface fluctuations on the electronic states in semiconductor quantum dots are analyzed on the basis of numerical solutions for ground state wave functions and energy eigenvalues. It is shown that the effective volume of confinement becomes smaller than the real volume of quantum dots due to fluctuation. This effect comes from the fact that the wave functions with larger characteristic wavelength are not able to deform themselves following the fluctuation of interfaces exactly. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HiroyukiTachibana kn-aut-sei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-mei=Tachibana aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NaraShigetoshi en-aut-sei=Nara en-aut-mei=Shigetoshi kn-aut-name=“Þ—Çdr kn-aut-sei=“Þ—Ç kn-aut-mei=dr aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Principle of Biodynamic Analysis Using Human Limb Electrical Impedance en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes a new measurement method and principle of detection of biodynamics using bioelectrical impedance method based on four-electrode technique with sinusoidal constant current. This method uses a human body itself as a part of the sensor. First, we show a bioelectrical impedance measuring device and the change of bioelectrical resistance is measured in human movement. Second, we proposes a principle of detection of biodynamics based on correspondence of magnitude, form and stability of movement to impedance waveform. Hence we can use this method for the judgement of sports skill using the impedance characteristics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NakamuraTakao en-aut-sei=Nakamura en-aut-mei=Takao kn-aut-name=’†‘º—²•v kn-aut-sei=’†‘º kn-aut-mei=—²•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=ŽR–{®• kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=®• aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=School of Health Sciences affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method of Cubic Object Feature Extraction en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=How to reduce and simplify the calculation for image recognition is a very attractive and important issue in order to realize the real time control of a robot based on the image recognition results. This paper describes a method of extracting 2 - dimensional geometrical features of cubic objects based on the normal vector distributions from the visual information obtained with the laser range finder to reduce the calculation of the image recognition. In this research a laser beam is scanned in the horizontal plane to which the cubic objects stand vertically and the laser spot is detected with a TV camera every sampling time. These spots make an intermittent locus which includes some special lines corresponding to the cubic objects. To extract the features of the cubic objects, we utilize the normal vectors formed on the locus. If some normal vectors distribute in the same direction and the origin of the normal vectors are very close to their neighbor's, these normal vectors can be classified into the same class, -the straight line class. Because the normal vectors on the neighbor surfaces of the cubic objects are vertical to each other, we use this property to determine the pair of straight lines which belong to the cubic objects. Making the histogram based on the normal vectors with the same direction, we obtain the peaks which are supported by the points on the cubic object surfaces. Then, the points can be extracted from the set of points on the whole locus inversely according to the relations with the peaks and the features of the cubic object can be extracted by applying method of least square to these extracted points. The experiments proved the availability of the proposed processing algorithm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=GaoHong kn-aut-sei=Gao kn-aut-mei=Hong aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaTsutomu en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Tsutomu kn-aut-name=˜a“c—Í kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=—Í aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoritsuguToshiro en-aut-sei=Noritsugu en-aut-mei=Toshiro kn-aut-name=‘¥ŽŸr˜Y kn-aut-sei=‘¥ŽŸ kn-aut-mei=r˜Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Measurement of saturated solubilities and diffusion coefficients of pure gases to mineral oil en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present paper deals with measurements of the diffusion coefficients as well as the saturated solubilities of single component gases such as N(2), O(2) and CO(2) to a mineral oil. The method to determine the diffusivity is based upon measuring the pressure changes caused by the one-dimensional diffusion between the gas and the oil enclosed in an airtight container. For N(2) and O(2) the profiles of the measured pressure changes agree well with those predicted by diffusion theory, whereas that is not the case with CO(2). Although the reason why CO(2) does not seem to obey diffusion theory has yet to be studied, it may suggest the possibility that the diffusion coefficient varies with the pressure, considering that the range of pressure change in the diffusivity measurement was much obtained by this method fell within }30% around the average. Moreover the solubility measurements have made clear that Henry's law holds true between the three pure gases and the oils tested, and that O(2) and CO(2) dissolve into the oil approximately two and ten times more, respectively, than N(2). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WashioSeiichi en-aut-sei=Washio en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name=˜h”ö½ˆê kn-aut-sei=˜h”ö kn-aut-mei=½ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakahashiSatoshi en-aut-sei=Takahashi en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‚‹´’q kn-aut-sei=‚‹´ kn-aut-mei=’q aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImotoChikashi en-aut-sei=Imoto en-aut-mei=Chikashi kn-aut-name=ˆäŒ³’q‰ÂŽŠ kn-aut-sei=ˆäŒ³ kn-aut-mei=’q‰ÂŽŠ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshidaAtsumasa en-aut-sei=Yoshida en-aut-mei=Atsumasa kn-aut-name=‹g“c“ij kn-aut-sei=‹g“c kn-aut-mei=“ij aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Machanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Machanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Kayaba Industry Co., Ltd. affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Machanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=75 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation and Characterization of Ti(2)O(3) Films Deposited on Sapphire Substrate by Activated Reactive Evaporation Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=(001)-oriented Ti(2)O(3) films were epitaxially grown on a(001)-face of sapphire single-crystalline substrate by an activated reactive evaporation method. The formation ranges of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric Ti(2)O(3) films were determined as a function of the substrate temperature (Ts), the oxygen pressure (Po(2)) and the deposition rate. Stoichiometric Ti(2)O(3) films were grown at Ts†673K under Po(2)†1.0~10(-4)Torr, which showed the metal-insulator transition with a sharp change in electrical resistivity from 3.5~10(-2) to 2.6~10(-3)ƒ¶cm at 361K. Nonstoichiometric films prepared under less oxidized conditions did not exhibit the transition. The nonstoichiometry of the Ti(2)O(3)films was discussed in terms of excess Ti ions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FujiiTatsuo en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SakataNaoki kn-aut-sei=Sakata kn-aut-mei=Naoki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NanbaTokuro en-aut-sei=Nanba en-aut-mei=Tokuro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiuraYoshinari en-aut-sei=Miura en-aut-mei=Yoshinari kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaJun en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structural Analysis of Minimum Weight Codewords of the (32, 21, 6) and (64, 45, 8) Extended BCH Codes Using Invariance Property en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Two typical examples, the (32, 21, 6) and (64, 45, 8) extended code of primitive permuted BCH codes, are considered. The sets of minimum weight codewords are analyzed in terms of Boolean polynomial representation. They are classied by using their split weight structure with respect to the left and right half trellis sections, and for each class, the standard form is presented. Based on the results, we can generate a proper list of the minimum weight codewords of the codes. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AsataniJun kn-aut-sei=Asatani kn-aut-mei=Jun aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KoumotoTakuya en-aut-sei=Koumoto en-aut-mei=Takuya kn-aut-name=b–{‘ì–ç kn-aut-sei=b–{ kn-aut-mei=‘ì–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ToruFujiwara kn-aut-sei=Toru kn-aut-mei=Fujiwara aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TadaoKasami kn-aut-sei=Tadao kn-aut-mei=Kasami aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Okayama University of Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology en-keyword=Boolean polynomial representation kn-keyword=Boolean polynomial representation en-keyword=extended BCH codes kn-keyword=extended BCH codes en-keyword=minimum weight codewords kn-keyword=minimum weight codewords en-keyword=binary shift invariance property kn-keyword=binary shift invariance property END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=10 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Geometric BIC en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The author introduced the "geometric AIC" and the "geometric MDL" as model selection criteria for geometric fitting problems. These correspond to Akaikefs "AIC" and Rissanen's "BIC", respectively, well known in the statistical estimation framework. Another criterion well known is Schwarzf "BIC", but its counterpart for geometric fitting has been unknown. This paper introduces the corresponding criterion, which we call the "geometric BIC", and shows that it is of the same form as the geometric MDL. We present the underlying logical reasoning of Bayesian estimation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=18 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fundamental Matrix Computation: Theory and Practice en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We classify and review existing algorithms for computing the fundamental matrix from point correspondences and propose new effective schemes: 7-parameter Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) search, EFNS, and EFNS-based bundle adjustment. Doing experimental comparison, we show that EFNS and the 7-parameter LM search exhibit the best performance and that additional bundle adjustment does not increase the accuracy to any noticeable degree. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YasuyukiSugaya kn-aut-sei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-mei=Sugaya aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transfer of Quantum Information by Spin Chains : Effect of Noise en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to transfer quantum information, the use of spin chains has been proposed and their transfer characteristics have been analyzed. As one of the latter, the maximum of the transfer probability over sufficiently long time period is often considered important and some examples with high maximum values have been given. In these examples, the coupling between neighboring spins are tuned so as to attain high efficiency. In this article, we discuss the effect of noise on the values of coupling constant. As a result, we propose a system where the efficiency is high and also the effect of noise is small. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ChaiHong kn-aut-sei=Chai kn-aut-mei=Hong aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology and Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Evaluation of Geometric Fitting Algorithms en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The convergence performance of typical numerical schemes for geometric fitting for computer vision applications is compared. First, the problem and the associated KCR lower bound are stated. Then, three well known fitting algorithms are described: FNS, HEIV, and renormalization. To these, we add a special variant of Gauss-Newton iterations. For initialization of iterations, random choice, least squares, and Taubinfs method are tested. Numerical simulations and real image experiments and conducted for fundamental matrix computation and ellipse fitting, which reveals different characteristics of each method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name=›’J•Û”V kn-aut-sei=›’J kn-aut-mei=•Û”V aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Statistical Optimization for Geometric Fitting: TheoreticalAccuracy Bound and High Order Error Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A rigorous accuracy analysis is given to various techniques for estimating parameters of geometric models from noisy data for computer vision applications. First, it is pointed out that parameter estimation for vision applications is very different in nature from traditional statistical analysis and hence a different mathematical framework is necessary in such a domain. After general theories on estimation and accuracy are given, typical existing techniques are selected, and their accuracy is evaluated up to higher order terms. This leads to a ghyperaccurateh method that outperforms existing methods. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=44 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Generating Dense Point Matches Using Epipolar Geometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Dense point matches are generated over two images by rectifying the two images to align epipolar lines horizontally, and horizontally sliding a template. To overcome inherent limitations of 2-D search, we incorporate the gnaturalness of the 3-D shapeh implied by the resulting matches. After stating our rectification procedure, we introduce our multi-scale template matching scheme and our outlier removal technique using tentatively reconstructed 3-D shapes. Doing real image experiments, we discuss the performance of our method and remaining issues. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name=›’J•Û”V kn-aut-sei=›’J kn-aut-mei=•Û”V aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanazawaYasushi en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name=‹à‘ò–õ kn-aut-sei=‹à‘ò kn-aut-mei=–õ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Knowledge-based Information Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=63 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uncalibrated Factorization Using a Variable Symmetric Affine Camera en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to reconstruct 3-D Euclidean shape by the Tomasi-Kanade factorization, one needs to specify an affine camera model such as orthographic, weak perspective, and paraperspective. We present a new method that does not require any such specific models. We show that a minimal requirement for an affine camera to mimic perspective projection leads to a unique camera model, which we call a symmetric affine camera, which has two free functions. We determine their values from input images by linear computation and demonstrate by experiments that an appropriate camera model is automatically selected. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name=›’J•Û”V kn-aut-sei=›’J kn-aut-mei=•Û”V aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HannoAckermann kn-aut-sei=Hanno kn-aut-mei=Ackermann aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=64 end-page=77 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Overview of 3-D Reconstruction from Images en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This article summarizes recent advancements of the theories and techniques for 3-D reconstruction from multiple images. We start with the description of the camera imaging geometry as perspective projection in terms of homogeneous coordinates and the definition of the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the camera. Next, we described the epipolar geometry for two, three, and four cameras, introducing such concepts as the fundamental matrix, epipolars, epipoles, the trifocal tensor, and the quadrifocal tensor. Then, we present the self-calibration technique based on the stratified reconstruction approach, using the absolute dual quadric constraint. Finally, we give the definition of the affine camera model and a procedure for 3-D reconstruction based on it. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=40 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Agent Based Plant Allocation and Transfer Routing of Productsin Case of Emergency en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, two problems, plant allocation problem and that of transfer routing from plants to customers, are considered simultaneously. Especially, adaptation scheme for emergency cases are checked. To solve these problems, decentralized agent based optimization procedures are used. In our study, oil production and products transfer in Saudi Arabia are treated. Through numerical experiments, practicability of the proposed method is verified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Al-SehaimSulaiman en-aut-sei=Al-Sehaim en-aut-mei=Sulaiman kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NoseKazuo en-aut-sei=Nose en-aut-mei=Kazuo kn-aut-name=”\¨˜a•v kn-aut-sei=”\¨ kn-aut-mei=˜a•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Osaka Sangyo University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=56 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Extracting Moving Objects from a Moving Camera VideoSequence en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present a new method for extracting objects moving independently of the background from a video sequence taken by a moving camera. We first extract and track feature points through the sequence and select the trajectories of background points by exploiting geometric constraints based on the affine camera model. Then, we generate a panoramic image of the background and compare it with the individual frames. We describe our image processing and thresholding techniques. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name=›’J•Û”V kn-aut-sei=›’J kn-aut-mei=•Û”V aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimality of Maximum Likelihood Estimation for GeometricFitting and the KCR Lower Bound en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Geometric fitting is one of the most fundamental problems of computer vision. In [8], the author derived a theoretical accuracy bound (KCR lower bound) for geometric fitting in general and proved that maximum likelihood (ML) estimation is statistically optimal. Recently, Chernov and Lesort [3] proved a similar result, using a weaker assumption. In this paper, we compare their formulation with the authorfs and describe the background of the problem. We also review recent topics including semiparametric models and discuss remaining issues. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=9 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Expert System for Determining Precedence Relation in Assembly en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Precedence relation in assembly has been determined by experience only. Now, an expert system is developed for determining such precedence relation. The conjugate states of the units of a product are shown in face frames and unit frames following the frame model. Seven rules are formulated. They consider geometrical interference of units, and make the precedence relation enable operation time to be shorter, and the number of JIG and substandards to be smaller. These rules are programized by computer language(PROLOG). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=73 end-page=83 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effects of the Cultivation Method on the Characteristics or Gene Expression Profiles of Aspergillus oryzae Using mCD or DPY Media en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We used modified Czapek-Dox (mCD) or dextrin-peptone-yeast extract (DPY) media to cultivate a filamentous fungus, Aspergillus oryzae IAM 2706 by three different cultivation methods, i.e., shaking-flask culture (SFC), agar-plate culture (APC), and membrane-surface liquid culture (MSLC), to identify the differences in cultivation behaviors and gene transcriptional profiles. The fungi cultivated by APC or MSLC secreted a greater number of different proteins/enzymes in larger quantities compared with fungi cultivated by SFC, particularly when DPY medium was used. In particular, the amounts of protease secreted by fungi cultivated via MSLC or APC were much greater compared with SFC. When mCD medium was used, ƒ¿-amylase activity was barely detectable in all cultures while the activity was detected in MSLC and APC in a quantity that was several times higher than that in SFC using DPY medium. SDS-PAGE analysis and N-terminal amino acid sequences confirmed 6 proteins in the culture supernatants when DPY medium was used. Among these proteins oryzin (an alkaline protease) and ƒ¿-amylase were detected at much higher levels in APC and MSLC compared with SFC, which was consistent with the measured activity of the secreted enzymes. However, when mCD medium was used, only oryzin was detected in significant amounts in MSLC and APC. Microarray analyses of the fungi cultivated by SFC, APC or MSLC using either mCD or DPY media indicated that the gene transcriptional profile of the MSLC sample was similar to that of the APC sample but different from that of the SFC sample. When mCD medium was used, most of the genes that were up-regulated 10-folds or greater in the MSLC sample relative to the SFC sample were unknown or predicted proteins. Transcription of the oryzin gene was only slightly up-regulated in the MSLC sample while transcription of the ƒ¿-amylase gene was slightly down-regulated. On the other hand, when DPY medium was used, many known genes including the oryzin gene were up-regulated in the MSLC sample versus the SFC sample. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ImanakaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Imanaka en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaSoukichi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Soukichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FengBin en-aut-sei=Feng en-aut-mei=Bin kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImamuraKoreyoshi en-aut-sei=Imamura en-aut-mei=Koreyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Alkenylation and Allylation of Aldehydes by Using an Ni/Cr/TDAE Redox System en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In 360 females, Bone mineral density (BMD) in lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) was assessed by quantitative computed tomography (QCT), and the values obtained were compared with the frequency of vertebral transformation or fracture as assessed by lateral scan image (scanogram) by X-ray CT. A correlation was observed between the frequency of vertebral transformation (or fracture) and lumbar BMD values : BMD under 125 mg/cm(3) was observed over 90% of women with vertebral transformation, and BMD under 70mg/cm(3) was found about 50% of them. These results suggest that decrease in BMD in lumbar vertebrae leads to vertebral transformation or fracture. Thus, measurement of BMD by QCT would be very useful in predicting vertebral transformation or fractures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KuroboshiManabu en-aut-sei=Kuroboshi en-aut-mei=Manabu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMuneaki en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Muneaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoSuguru en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Suguru kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=GotoKentaro en-aut-sei=Goto en-aut-mei=Kentaro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaHideo en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19961227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure of Dusty Plasma as Yukawa System Confined in One-Dimensional External Fields en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As a model of dusty plasmas in external fields, Yuka.wa system in a one-dimensional external field is analyzed by molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical approaches. It is shown that particles form clear thin layers (sheets) at low temperatures and the number of layers changes discretely with characteristic parameters of the system, accompanying the rearrangements of whole system from nearly equipartitioned layers to also nearly equipartitioned layers. The number, positions and populations of layers are obtained as functions of characteristic parameters. The shell (sheet) model which has been successful for confined one-component plasmas is extended to this system and results of numerical experiments are reproduced to a good accuracy. The effect of cohesive energy in each layer is of essential importance to reproduce discrete changes in the number of sheets. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tokunari kn-aut-name=ŠÝ–{“Ä–ç kn-aut-sei=ŠÝ–{ kn-aut-mei=“Ä–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=25 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Quantum Waveguide : Effective Width and Height of Potential for Quantum Wires under Split Gates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to apply quantum waveguides to electronic devices, we calculate the electrostatic potential in the split-gate quantum wire and establish the relation between the electrostatic potential and the square well potential which is usually assumed in simulations of these waveguides. The height and width of the square well potential are expressed as simple functions of the gate voltage and their dependencies are clarified. The results may be useful in calculating the characteristics of electronic devices based on quantum waveguides as functions of controllable parameters such as gate voltage. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TachibanaHiroyuki kn-aut-sei=Tachibana kn-aut-mei=Hiroyuki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electric and Electronic Engneering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electric and Electronic Engneering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Yukawa System in One-Dimensional External Field en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The behavior of the Yukawa system in external one-dimensional force fields is analyzed by the molecular dynamics simulation. The formation of layered structures at low temperatures is observed and the relation between the number of layers and characteristic parameters of the system is obtained. Since the Yukawa system serves as a model of clouds of dust particles in plasmas (dusty plasma) which play an important role in plasma processes of semiconductor engineering, the results may be useful to control the quality of semiconductor wafers in such processes. In simulations, periodic boundary conditions are imposed in two dimensions and deformations of periodic boundaries are allowed in order to reduce the effect of boundaries without giving too much constraint on the symmetry. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tokunari kn-aut-name=ŠÝ–{“Ä–ç kn-aut-sei=ŠÝ–{ kn-aut-mei=“Ä–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=58 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Design of Hump Profile in Railroad Classification Yard en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The fundamental objective of this paper is to aggregate and establish a set of practical principles, guidelines, and procedures to clarify and improve classification yard design and to enhance the efficiency of the design process. The paper primarily addresses theoretical and technical aspects of hump yard height and grade design, placement of the switches and the retarders. It attempts to compile and document yard design procedures, based on the Theory of Energy Head and Energy Loss. This procedures are applicable to the design of new yards, rehabilitation of the existing yards of different types and sizes including manually operated as well as highly automated classification yards. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ProkopJiri kn-aut-sei=Prokop kn-aut-mei=Jiri aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microscopic Surface Change of Polycrystalline Aluminum duringTensile Plastic Deformation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Roughening on free surface of polycrystalline metal during plastic deformation is closely related to the inhomogeneous deformation in the respective grain at the surface. Uniaxial tensile tests are carried out on annealed pure aluminum sheet specimens with various averaged grain sizes. The roughening is measured by a 3-dimensional stylus instrument to examine the roughness change in both sides of specimen surfaces at each strain. The irregularities on one side are reversed on the backside, when the averaged grain size is as large as the thickness of the specimen. Discussions are made on the relation between the surface shapes of both sides adopting the cross correlation factor. The strains of respective grains are also measured from the grain boundary shape before and after plastic deformation. There are some deviations in the strains of the grains and their standard deviation increases with the applied strain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangXiaoqun en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Xiaoqun kn-aut-name=‰¤‹ÅŒQ kn-aut-sei=‰¤ kn-aut-mei=‹ÅŒQ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”•Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=•Ž¡ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNaoya en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name=‘½“c’¼Æ kn-aut-sei=‘½“c kn-aut-mei=’¼Æ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuIchiro en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name=´…ˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=´… kn-aut-mei=ˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tsuyama College of Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Microscopic Observation of Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Aluminum by Laser Scanning Microscope en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Free surface of polycrystalline metal becomes roughened after plastic deformation. The surface roughening is closely related to the inhomogeneity of polycrystalline metals, that is, to the inhomogeneous plastic deformation of respective grains. In the present study, inhomogeneous deformation on the free surface of polycrystalline aluminum specimen during uniaxial tension is studied. The inhomogeneous deformation of grains in the central area of the free surface of specimen is observed by the laser scanning microscope, while the inhomogeneous deformation perpendicular to the surface is studied by the laser scanning microscope as well as the stylus measuring instrument. It is shown that the surface roughness and the strain of respective grains increase with the applied strain. Discussions are made on the change in the surface roughness, the strain in each grain and the slip-line angles with the applied strain. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”•Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=•Ž¡ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HualinSong kn-aut-sei=Hualin kn-aut-mei=Song aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=AkagiYasuo kn-aut-sei=Akagi kn-aut-mei=Yasuo aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuIchiro en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name=´…ˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=´… kn-aut-mei=ˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering and Cooperative Research Center,Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=NEC Hiroshima, Ltd., Higashi?Hiroshima affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Energy Distribution in Electrical Discharge Machining with Graphite Electrode en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In EDM, the machining characteristics greatly depend on the energy distribution. Therefore, it is very important to clarify the energy distribution for understanding various phenomena in EDM. In this paper, the energy distribution in EDM with graphite electrode is investigated by measuring the temperatures of electrode and workpiece. Experimental analysis shows that the material removal rate depends on energy density while the electrode wear greatly depends on the adhesion of heat resolved carbon from machining fluid, and the energies distributed into electrode and workpiece are almost constant regardless of pulse duration. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaAkira en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkajimaIsao en-aut-sei=Okajima en-aut-mei=Isao kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=43 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Simple Model for Oxygen Conduction in Some Perovskite Compounds en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A simple model for oxygen ion conduction in perovskite compounds is proposed. The potential for an oxygen ion is calculated as the sum of the long range Coulomb potential and short range repulsive potential in a cubic lattice. The activation energy is estimated as the difference in the values of potential at the barrier and at the stable site. When appropriate conditions are satisfied, the activation energy has a minimum as a function of lattice constant in accordance with recent experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bioactivity of Nb(V) and Ta(V)-Doped Calcium Silicate Glasses en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nb(2)O(5)-and Ta(2)O(5)-doped calcium si1icate glasses were soaked for various periods in a simulated body fluid(Kokubo solution) up to 30 days. Apatite formation ability of the surface of these glasses were investigated with thin-film X-ray diffraction and FT-IR reflection spectroscopy. The effects of these additive oxides on the bioactivity of CaO¥SiO(2) based glass were discussed. A small amount of Nb(2)O(5) and Ta(2)O(5) suppressed the rate of silica hydrogel layer formation and the apatite formation on the surface of the glasses. The rate of the apatite nucleation on the surface of Nb(2)O(5)-doped calcium silicate glass was slower than that on the surface of Ta(2)O(5)-doped calcium silicate glass. It was concluded that the decrease in the apatite forming ability of calcium silicate glasses by these additive oxides is attributed to the suppression of formation of silica hydrogel layer which plays an important role in apatite nucleation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ImayoshiNaoki kn-aut-sei=Imayoshi kn-aut-mei=Naoki aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‘ì‘ kn-aut-sei=‘ì kn-aut-mei=‘ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiChikara en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name=‘å’ÎŽåÅ kn-aut-sei=‘å’Î kn-aut-mei=ŽåÅ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=51 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bioactive Calcium Borosilicate Glasses for Enameling Titanium en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The thermal expansion coefficient of some bioactive glasses in the system CaO-SiO(2)-B(2)O(3) were adjusted to be similar to that of titanium by controlling the composition. A glass of composition 45CaO¥30SiO(2)¥25B(2)O(3) was selected among those as the enameling glass. A slurry was prepared by mixing the glass powder and ethanal to be developed on titanium and heated at 740Ž for 30 min. Thus treated specimen was soaked in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solutiion). FT-IR reflection and thin film X-ray diffraction analyses indicated apatite formation on the glass coating layer within 12 h of soaking in the fluid. Thus titanium could be provided with bioactivity due to the enameling. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KobayashiKeizo kn-aut-sei=Kobayashi kn-aut-mei=Keizo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‘ì‘ kn-aut-sei=‘ì kn-aut-mei=‘ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiChikara en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Chikara kn-aut-name=‘å’ÎŽåÅ kn-aut-sei=‘å’Î kn-aut-mei=ŽåÅ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioengineering Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980420 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Study on Electrical Discharge Machining Characteristics of Coated Electrodes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Low electrode wear EDM is attained by the adhesion of heat resolved carbon made from kerosine type machining fluid to the electrode end surface. This phenomenon, however, occurs only under long pulse duration. Therefore, the low electrode wear EDM under finishing condition is impossible so far. In the previous paper, the authors developed a turbostratic carbon electrode whose structure is very similar to the heat resolved carbon generated in EDM process and made it clear that the low electrode wear EDM was possible by using the electrode even under finishing condition. In this study, a carbon coated electrode and a SiC coated one which can be made rapidly at low cost were developed and their EDM characteristics were investigated. Experimental analysis pointed it out that both electrodes were effective in reducing electrode wear under finishing condition. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=GuoChangning en-aut-sei=Guo en-aut-mei=Changning kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OkadaAkira en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakagiTakashi en-aut-sei=Takagi en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department ot Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department ot Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Ibiden Co., Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=84 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Apatite Formation on Electrochemically Treated Titanium en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A titanium oxide gel was electrochemically prepared on Ti with a cell consisting of Ti as the working electrode, Pt as the counter one, AgCl as the reference one, and an aqueous solution of 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO(3))(2) as the electrolyte solution. The Ti electrode was kept at 9.5V for 1 hr for oxidation and subsequently kept at-3.0V for 10 min (Ca9.5-3.0):calcium ions were expected to be adsorbed at the latter treatment. Other Ti specimen was kept at -3.0V for 10 min (Ca-3.0). Both specimens were found so bioactive as to deposit apatite in 12 hr (Ca9.5-3.0) and in 1 day (Ca-3.0) when soaked in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution). Calcium carbonate detected on the surface of Ca9.5-3.0 caused no harmful effects on spontaneous deposition of apatite in the fluid. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name=”öâ–¾‹` kn-aut-sei=”öâ kn-aut-mei=–¾‹` aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name=‘ì‘ kn-aut-sei=‘ì kn-aut-mei=‘ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KoyanoKeiko kn-aut-sei=Koyano kn-aut-mei=Keiko aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuruKanji en-aut-sei=Tsuru en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name=“s—¯Š°Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=“s—¯ kn-aut-mei=Š°Ž¡ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observation of Orientation Change During Plastic Deformation of Polycrystalline Copper by EBSD Method en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Change in crystal orientation and strain of individual grains during tensile plastic deformation are studied to clarify on the microscopic deformation behavior of polycrystalline copper. The orientation of grain is measured by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique in the scanning electron microscope. The principal strain of grain is also measured by obtaining the approximated ellipse of strain distribution. The deformation of grains dependent on their initial orientation and the rotation of the principal strain during uniaxial tension are clarified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KondouRyouji en-aut-sei=Kondou en-aut-mei=Ryouji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNaoya en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Naoya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuIchiro en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University en-keyword=Polycrystalline Copper kn-keyword=Polycrystalline Copper en-keyword=Plastic Deformation kn-keyword=Plastic Deformation en-keyword=SEM kn-keyword=SEM en-keyword=EBSD Method kn-keyword=EBSD Method en-keyword=Grain Orientation kn-keyword=Grain Orientation en-keyword=Crystal Orientation Map kn-keyword=Crystal Orientation Map END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Preparation of alginic acid layers on solid substrates for biomedical applications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Alginic acid was immobilized on ƒÁ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-coated glass as a model substrate since an alginic acid layer was known to prevent cell adhesion. The surface was characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. The coated substrates adsorbed practically no calcium phosphates on their surfaces when soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF) of Kolrubo recipe. Since calcium ions are one of the factors for blood clotting, the present alginic acid coating is one of the candidates to improve blood compatibility of clinical materials. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YoshiokaTomohiko en-aut-sei=Yoshioka en-aut-mei=Tomohiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuruKanji en-aut-sei=Tsuru en-aut-mei=Kanji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayakawaSatoshi en-aut-sei=Hayakawa en-aut-mei=Satoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakaAkiyoshi en-aut-sei=Osaka en-aut-mei=Akiyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mechanical Characteristics of Cast Ti Fiber-Reinforced Mg Composite en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Tensile strength and elongation of cast magnesium reinforced with titanium fiber were measured by tensile test. The pull-out test of a titanium rod partially embedded in a magnesium matrix was performed to evaluate interfacial bonding strength between magnesium and titanium. It was found that when the fiber volume fraction was changed from 1% to 14%, the tensile strength was improved with increase of volume fraction, while the improvement of elongation tended to be restrained beyond the volume fraction of 10%. The interfacial strength was revealed to be strong, and this was substantiated by the scanning electron microscopy showing an excellent wettability between the titanium fiber and the magnesium matrix. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=OkadaHiroyuki en-aut-sei=Okada en-aut-mei=Hiroyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakemotoYoshito en-aut-sei=Takemoto en-aut-mei=Yoshito kn-aut-name=’|Œ³‰Ã—˜ kn-aut-sei=’|Œ³ kn-aut-mei=‰Ã—˜ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=71 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Simulation of Hump Performance in Railroad Classification Yard en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The paper presents methods for simulation and examination of the performance of a classification yard, including both manual and computer-aided methods. Presented methods are applicable to the simulation and examination of full range of yards of different types and sizes including manually operated as well as highly automated classification yards. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ProkopJiri kn-aut-sei=Prokop kn-aut-mei=Jiri aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Surface and Grain Boundary on the Reversion of Age-Hardened Al-15mass % Zn Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Reversion of the age-hardened Al-15mass % Zn alloy, in which ellipsoidal GP zones were formed, was investigated by hardness test. Ellipsoidal zones were reverted more quickly near the surface and grain boundary than in the interior, as spherical zones did. The results confirm their role as sources for vacancies in reversion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Ultra-Micro Hardness Testing and Microscopic Deformationof Polycrystalline Aluminum en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The evaluation of microscopic inhomogeneity of polycrystalline aluminum is performed by measuring the hardness in respective grains. The recently developed ultra-micro hardness tester is used and the effects of the test pattern, the indentation load and the indenting velocity are examined. Then, the relationship between the increase in the hardness caused by the work hardening and the deformation of respective grains are statistically investigated. The hardness testing mode in which the initial load is applied before the onset of measurement gives more stable results than the testing mode without the initial load. The test condition with the indentation load of 9.8mN and the indentation velocity of 0.2 ƒÊm/sec seems to be optimum and gives the least dispersion of the measured values in grains. It is shown that the hardness values of respective grains in polycrystalline aluminum as well as their dispersion increase with the applied plastic strain. Discussion is made on the microscopic deformation behavior of polycrystalline aluminum. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”•Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=•Ž¡ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TsuboiTomoaki en-aut-sei=Tsuboi en-aut-mei=Tomoaki kn-aut-name=’؈ä’qº kn-aut-sei=’؈ä kn-aut-mei=’qº aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering and Cooperative Research Center,Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Falling Snow Melting Characteristics of Warm Water Flowing along Sheet Channels Spread on a Roof en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The experiment for investigating the falling snow melting characteristics of warm water flowing along sheet channels spread on a roof was performed in Tookamachi city, Nigata prefecture from February 6 to February 7, 1995. The sheet surface temperatures at 11 positions in 3 channels were measured. A physical model for a gas-water-snow system was constructed to compare the predicted results with the measured ones. A fully spread uniform water film in the sheet channel was observed in the experiments. The experimental results elucidated that it was feasible to use warm water flowing along sheet channels for melting falling snow on roofs. The temperature drop in the sheet channel mainly depended on the snowfall intensity, atmospheric temperature and wind speed. Under the influence of the roof edge, the temperature drop in the channel next to the side edge was much larger than that in middle channels. A water-snow two phase flow or a snow covered frozen water was experienced temporarily in the lower reaches of the water flowing channel. These suggest that a larger water flow rate is needed for the channel next to the roof edge, and a higher inlet temperature or a greater water flow rate is required for a severe weather condition. There was reasonably good agreement between the measured and predicted water temperatures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SongBaoyin kn-aut-sei=Song kn-aut-mei=Baoyin aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=–x•”–¾•F kn-aut-sei=–x•” kn-aut-mei=–¾•F aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiTakashi kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Patedision Co. Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=34 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2000 dt-pub=20000327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Specimen Thickness on Aging and Fatigue Strength of Al-Zn Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Repeated tensile fatigue strength of the low temperature age-hardened Al-Zn alloys is investigated varying the specimen thickness. Fatigue strength of the age-hardened specimens decreases with the specimen thickness when the specimen is thinner than a certain thickness, whereas fatigue strength of non age-hardened specimens, i.e., pure aluminum and dilute Al-Zn alloy, does not depend the specimen thickness. The dependence of fatigue strength on the thickness of age-hardened specimen is considered to be caused by the decrease of the strength of specimen as a whole, as a result of increase in volume ratio of the soft surface layer formed after age-hardening with decreasing specimen thickness. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanimotoTadashi en-aut-sei=Tanimoto en-aut-mei=Tadashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsushimaTakahisa en-aut-sei=Matsushima en-aut-mei=Takahisa kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaNorio en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Okayama University of Science (Present: Daiwabo Co., Ltd.) affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=61 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Focusing Characteristic Analysis of Circular Fresnel Zone Plate Lens en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fresnel zone plate lens (FZPL) has widely been used in electromagnetic antenna applications. Most analysis method based on the potential (scalar) wave approximation has been applied to a few very limited and simplified cases. The present paper analyzes the FZPL in more general form including the diffraction and transmission using the method of moments (MoM). The focusing gain characteristics in the oblique incidence as well as in the normal incidence are considered. The MoM solution using the three-dimensional vectorial formulation requires a large memory space for the FZPL as it is operated at a short wavelength. This is simply overcome by using an iterative conjugate gradient method for the numerical evaluation. The MoM solutions are compared with the other solutions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KimTae Yong kn-aut-sei=Kim kn-aut-mei=Tae Yong aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Departrnent of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Low Temperature Age-Hardening of Al-12mass % Zn-0.5mass % Cu Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effect of addition of a small amount of copper to Al- 12mass % Zn binary alloy on the process of low temperature aging is studied by hardness test and transmission electron microscopy. Age hardening rate after quenching from various temperatures is slowed down by addition of 0.5mass % copper to the binary alloy. The hardness obtained after long aging, however, is increased a little by the addition of copper. The extent of soft surface layer formed by aging in the copper-added alloy is nearly equal to that obtained in the binary alloy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaKeiyu en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Keiyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=103 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Inspection Method by Comparing CAD Figure with Processed Image en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We propose the recognition method of bridge soldering base metal on the circuits by comparing CAD figure and input image of image processing to locate the soldering iron tip accurately to secure the high quality Firstly, three dimensional CAD assembly drawing of circuits which are assembled perpendicularly in each other is projected on an imaginary two dimensional screen which is vertical to the optical axis of the camera The projected image is used as the standard CAD figure to inspect the location of the bridge soldering base metal. The positions among the bridge soldering base metals show the line state. So this line (connecting line) is used as the reference line to inspect the location of the bridge soldering base metal. The characteristics of the standard figure are represented by the connecting line, edge line and center points of base metal. Secondly, the position and gradient of connecting line among bridge soldering base metals in the input image is estimated. And the position of base metal and assembly accuracy of circuit units are calculated by comparing the shape and position of each base metal with its standard figure based on the connecting line Furthermore, the length between the opposite edges of the base metals are calculated to inspect the positions and the assemble accuracy of circuit units. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JindaiMitsuru en-aut-sei=Jindai en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name=_‘ã[ kn-aut-sei=_‘ã kn-aut-mei=[ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanoMasakazu kn-aut-sei=Tano kn-aut-mei=Masakazu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoKatsuyuki kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Katsuyuki aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishinoAkira kn-aut-sei=Nishino kn-aut-mei=Akira aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkamotoAsao kn-aut-sei=Okamoto kn-aut-mei=Asao aut-affil-num=8 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NishimoriNaoki kn-aut-sei=Nishimori kn-aut-mei=Naoki aut-affil-num=9 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Omron Okayama Co., Ltd. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Omron Okayama Co., Ltd. affil-num=8 en-affil= kn-affil=Omron Co., Ltd. affil-num=9 en-affil= kn-affil=Omron Co., Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Study on Transient Heat Characteristics of a Rectangular Latent Heat Storage Vessel en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Transient characteristics of the rectangular latent heat storage vessel packed with shape-stabilized phase change (solid-liquid) material (PCM) are investigated numerically by solving the governing equations of both the PCM and the heat transfer medium(water) simultaneously as a conjugate problem with the finite difference technique. It's found that the heat storage characteristics are greatly affected by the flow direction of the heat transfer medium since the natural and forced convection coexists in the heat storage vessel. That is, it is classified that the effectively thermal efficiency of the latent heat storage system is obtained by the downflow along vertical PCM for heat storage process and the upflow for heat release process. The effect of the inlet velocity of heat transfer medium(water) on transient heat characteristics of the latent heat storage system is also revealed in the present study. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TuPing kn-aut-sei=Tu kn-aut-mei=Ping aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiKoichi en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name=”öèŒöˆê kn-aut-sei=”öè kn-aut-mei=Œöˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechenical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechenical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=135 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Abductive Proof Procedure with Adjusting Derivations for General Logic Programs en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we formulate a new integrity constraint in correlation with 3-valued stable models in an abduction framework based on general logic programs. Under the constraint, not every ground atom or its negation is a logical consequence of the theory and an expected abductive explanation, but some atom may be unspecified as a logical consequence by an adjustment. As a reflection of the integrity constraint with an adjustment, we augment an adjusting derivation to Eshghi and Kowalski abductive proof procedure, in which such an unspecified atom can be dealt with. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamasakiSusumu en-aut-sei=Yamasaki en-aut-mei=Susumu kn-aut-name=ŽRèi kn-aut-sei=ŽRè kn-aut-mei=i aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KuroseYoshinori en-aut-sei=Kurose en-aut-mei=Yoshinori kn-aut-name=•£‹`‘¥ kn-aut-sei=•£ kn-aut-mei=‹`‘¥ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=137 end-page=146 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of a Monoacylglycerol Lipase Isolated from Pseudomonas sp. LP7315 -Hydrolysis and Synthesis of Monoglycerides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) was purified from Pseudomonas sp. LP7315 by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and preparative electrophoresis. The purified enzyme was homogeneous on an SDS-polyacrylamide gel with a molecular mass of 59 kDa. Its hydrolytic activity was confirmed to be specific for monoglycerides: the enzyme did not hydrolyze diand triglycerides. MGL was found to be stable even after l-h incubation at 65Ž. The hydrolytic activity depended not only on temperature and pH but also on the type of monoglyceride used. MGL also catalyzed monoglyceride synthesis at 65Ž in a solvent-free two-phase system, in which fatty acid droplets were dispersed in the glycerol phase with a low water content. The synthetic reaction proceeded at a constant rate for approximately 24 h and reached an equilibrium after 48 h of reaction. The initial rate of the synthetic reaction depended on several factors: the type of fatty acid used as the substrate, the amounts of fatty acid and glycerol, and the concentration of MGL in the glycerol phase. To analyze the effects of these factors, a kinetic model was developed based on the assumption that the adsorption equilibrium of MGL molecules at the interface between the two phases is the rate-determining factor for the synthetic reaction. The model was found to yield a good approximation of the initial synthetic rate under various reaction conditions. The analysis suggests that the adsorption behavior of MGL onto the interface had a large effect on the initial rate of the monoglyceride synthesis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakiyamaTakaharu en-aut-sei=Sakiyama en-aut-mei=Takaharu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YoshimiTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Yoshimi en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyakeAkira en-aut-sei=Miyake en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UmeokaMidori en-aut-sei=Umeoka en-aut-mei=Midori kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OzakiSho en-aut-sei=Ozaki en-aut-mei=Sho kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiKazuhiro en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Kazuhiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Kasei K.K. affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Kasei K.K. affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=147 end-page=154 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The role of interhelical cleavage for insecticidal activityof Bacillus thuringiensis Cry4A toxin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Cry4A toxin is a dipteran-specific insecticidal protein produced by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis as a protoxin of 130 kDa. Its active form is a heterodimer of 20- and 45-kDa fragments which is generated by an interhelical cleavage of a 60-kDa intermediate at the position of Gln236 between ƒ¿5 and ƒ¿6 helices in domain I. On the other hand, Cry1Aa, which is also produced as a 130-kDa protoxin but toxic to lepidopteran larvae, was processed into the active 60-kDa fragment with no additional cleavage. To investigate the role of the intramolecular cleavage of Cry4A for its insecticidal activity, the loop between ƒ¿5 and ƒ¿6 of Cry4A which includes the cleavage site was substituted for the corresponding region of Cry1Aa. The resulting mutant designated GST-60Loop was expressed as a GST-fusion protein. A difference of the processing profile was observed between GST-60 and GST-60Loop in the in vitro digestion assay by trypsin, and the insecticidal activity of GST-60Loop was two-fold lower than that of GST-60. These results suggested that the interhelical cleavage of Cry4A promoted the toxicity against C. pipiens larvae. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagiwaMasashi en-aut-sei=Yamagiwa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name=ŽRÛ‰ëŽ kn-aut-sei=ŽRÛ kn-aut-mei=‰ëŽ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=Žðˆä—T kn-aut-sei=Žðˆä kn-aut-mei=—T aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Logical Problem Decomposing Method for Decision Makers en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Decision Support Systems (DSS) have been taken as hopeful support tools for decision making for more than 20 years. There are a lot of literatures on DSS, but most of them are not so practical as the designers expected. This paper points out the crux of this situation and argues that the research on DSS should pay some more attention to the decision making activities before the model using stage. A method named "Problem Situation Decomposing Graph (PSDG)" is presented in this paper for helping the decision maker(DM) elicit the decision making problems. A PSDG is an acycle AND/OR logical directed graph, and which includes all the factors affecting the problem situation based on the DM's knowledge. The logical nodes and parameter determining methods in PSDG can reflect the DM's decision making style. This paper introduces some basic concepts of PSDG, discusses some of its characteristics, and proposes a logical adjacency matrix for PSDG representation and analysis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DingRonggui kn-aut-sei=Ding kn-aut-mei=Ronggui aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=85 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19930325 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Design of an Adaptive Observer to Estimate Unknown Periodical Disturbances en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This report deals with the problem of designing an adaptive observer for estimating unknown periodical disturbances. This is very practical problem because in the area of control of servomechanisms such disturbances are always encountered. When the disturbance cannot be directly measured or eliminated at the source it is necessary to perform a prediction. When a periodical disturbance is present the frequencies appear as unknown parameters and they have to be identified. In order to identify the unknown parameters, it is necessary to transform the composite system model, which contains the models of the controlled system and the disturbances, into observable canonical form. In addition, an inverse transformation is required to calculate the estimates of the present disturbances. In this report, firstly, a review of an adaptive observer for estimation of unknown periodical disturbances is presented. Later a calculation of the disturbance estimate is derived using the algebraic programming system REDUCE. The proposed method here allows to perform all the necessary transformations and to obtain the disturbance estimation without using the transformation matrix. The calculations of these transformations are complicated and, hitherto, there is no simple method to perform them. The results of disturbance estimation are illustrated by two examples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KroumovValeri T. kn-aut-sei=Kroumov kn-aut-mei=Valeri T. aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueAkira en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=ˆä㺠kn-aut-sei=ˆäã kn-aut-mei=º aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MasudaShiro en-aut-sei=Masuda en-aut-mei=Shiro kn-aut-name=‘“cŽm˜N kn-aut-sei=‘“c kn-aut-mei=Žm˜N aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=33 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Identification of Electric Charge Distribution Using Dual Reciprocity Boundary Element Models en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Identification of unknown electric charges or sources distributed in space is made from the data observed over the field boundary using dual reciprocity boundary element models. The inhomogeneous term of the Poisson field can equivalently be expressed as the linear combination of the functions associated with the particular solutions to transform into Laplace equation. For the solution procedure, the variational formulation is employed, in which the regular boundary integral approach is incorporated to avoid the singularity. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the availability and the capability. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SunYonghao kn-aut-sei=Sun kn-aut-mei=Yonghao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=46 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Finite Elements with Divergence-free Shape Function and theApplication to Inhomogeneously-loaded Waveguide Analysis en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Divergence-free shape functions are proposed for the finite elements, with which inhomogeneously-loaded and arbitrarily-shaped waveguides are analysed. The method is based on vectorial finite element formulation employing edge elements. The shape functions used for the approximation of the fields are shown analytically to be divergence-free and as an evidence, the non-physical solutions that appeared in the longitudinal component finite element formulation have been shown to be absent. To show the validity of the elements, application is made for the analysis of rectangular waveguides loaded with dielectric slab and a waveguide with curved structure. The solutions obtained are compared with the analytical ones or the solutions reported elsewhere. The degree of accuracy has been found satisfactory. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MahmoodZaheed kn-aut-sei=Mahmood kn-aut-mei=Zaheed aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=62 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Regular Boundary Integral Formulation for the Analysis ofOpen Dielectric / Optical Waveguides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Regular boundary element method is employed for the variational formulation of Helmholtz equation that governs the waveguiding problems. Like in the Charge simulation method, in this method, the source points associated with the fundamental solutions are allocated outside the domain so that the singular integrals which occur in the standard boundary element procedure can be avoided. First, the formulation is developed for the two-dimensional scalar Helmholtz problem solving for the axial components of either electric or magnetic fields. The application of the formulation is shown for simple hollow rectangular waveguide and dielectric-slab-loaded rectangular waveguide. Then the formulation is extended for the analysis of dielectric waveguides of open type incorporating axial components of both electric and magnetic fields, for the solution of the propagating modes which are generally of hybrid types. To show the validity and quality of the formulation, it is applied to a circular step-index optical waveguide and a dielectric rectangular waveguide. Very close agreements have been found when the solutions are compared with the ones obtained by different methods. One distinct merit of the extended formulation is that it has been fixed to suppress the spurious solutions which are encountered while solved by the conventional boundary element method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SunYonghao kn-aut-sei=Sun kn-aut-mei=Yonghao aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MahmoodZaheed kn-aut-sei=Mahmood kn-aut-mei=Zaheed aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=63 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Finite Element Analysis of Open-type Dielectric / Optical Waveguides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Optical fibers or integrated optical waveguides have arbitrary cross-sectional index or refraction distribution. An efficient finite element method for analyzing the propagation characteristics of dielectric / optical waveguides with open boundary is presented. The propagation modes are hybrid, for which a variational expression is formulated in terms of the longitudinal electric and magnetic field components. Infinite elements are introduced to consider open boundary or to extend the region to infinity. Several specific examples are given and the results are compared with those obtained by other approximate methods. Very close agreements have been found. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KoshimotoMarcos kn-aut-sei=Koshimoto kn-aut-mei=Marcos aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MahmoodZaheed kn-aut-sei=Mahmood kn-aut-mei=Zaheed aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Effect of Electrode Polarity on Electrical Discharge Machining Performance in Water en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Practical utilization of ram type electrical discharge machining in uninflammable fluid has been expected in place of inflammable kerosine type fluid for unmanned operation in a workshop. The electrical discharge machining performance in deionized water is experimentally investigated on the basis of the analysis of the crater generated by a single pulse discharge. The experimental analysis makes it clear that the electrical discharge machining performance in deionized water is greatly affected by the electrode polarity. The metal removal rate in the normal polarity machining is higher than that in reverse polarity machining, while the electrode wear rate in the normal polarity machining is greater than that in reverse polarity machining. Therefore the electrode polarity should be properly selected according to the purpose of machining. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaToshikatsu en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Toshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OkadaMinoru kn-aut-sei=Okada kn-aut-mei=Minoru aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Designing the Supplying Method of Parts to an Assembly Line en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We propose a method to design the supplying method of parts to an assembly line. Three types of supplying model (Serial, Parallel, and Mixed) are proposed based on the relation between the area of part and that of the transportation equipment. The part is supplied by the pallet on which the all parts of one product are arranged or by the lot of one part. AGV or conveyor are used to transport the pallet. The supplying model is evaluated from the total transportation cost calculated from the price of the transportation equipment and of land. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DwiantoGatot kn-aut-sei=Dwianto kn-aut-mei=Gatot aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Faculty of Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Faculty of Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=97 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Electronic Structure of Mixed Perovskite Oxides en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Based on the tight-binding method, electronic bands of the mixed perovskite oxides are calculated in order to develop the electronic theory of ferroelectric phase transitions in these mixtures which are difficult to describe within the phenomenological theories. Diagonal elements of Hamiltonian matrix of parent materials are assumed to differ by 0.1eV and mixtures are simulated by lattices of supercells containing 2(3) = 8 or 3(3) = 27 unit cells randomly assigned to either material. The width of the conduction and valence bands have maxima and the band gap has a minimum at intermediate mixing ratio. Results are in agreement with those of other analyses on random systems and even 2(3)-cell computation seems to serve as a first approximation for our purpose. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SanakaYoshiaki kn-aut-sei=Sanaka kn-aut-mei=Yoshiaki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=99 end-page=110 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Collimation of Cerenkov SHG Blue Laser Beam with a Cylindric Mirror en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A cylindric mirror was used, in place of a parabolic mirror, to collimate the crescent blue laser beam radiated from the Cerenkov SHG in channel waveguide configuration. The cylindric mirror radius is requested to be twice the focal length of the parabolic mirror. The focusing effect of the cylindric mirror in collimation can be compensated by slightly lifting the mirror in its normal direction. Under the condition that the mirror was declined by 5.56‹ and lifted by 25 ƒÊm, we got the@collimated beam with divergence angle less than 1.3 mrad. In the focusing experiment, the collimated beam was focused with spotsize of 1.8 ƒÊm. The details on the analysis and experiment are reported. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangMing en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ming kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduated School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Direct Patterning of Ceramic Circuit Board with Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Direct patterning of copper coated ceramic circuit board is experimentally investigated with Q-switched Nd:YAG laser in order to shorten the time of the trial manufacture of electronic circuit board and to adapt the flexible design change. It is pointed out that the fast direct patterning the speed of which reaches about 100 mm/s is possible if the repetition frequency and the average power are selected properly. Furthermore cutting off and/or drilling of ceramic board are also possible under the condition that the repetition frequency is less than 3kHz. This technique makes it possible the mask1ess patterning of ceramic circuit board which has been widely used recently in place of conventional glass-epoxy or phenolic resin circuit board, and it leads to the shorter time limit of delivery as compared with the conventional end-milling method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaShin-ichiro en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Shin-ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaToshikatsu en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Toshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataKojiro en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Kojiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNobuhiko en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Nobuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Facilitated Diffusion of Carbon-Dioxide in a Living Body Liquid Film en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A numerical study is performed for the facilitated diffusion of carbon-dioxide in an ultrapure water film flowing downward along a vertical surface. The model adopted for the present work includes the effects of the reaction rate for the hydration of CO(2)in a liquid. Comparison of the total concentration of CO(2) for different film thickness indicates that the effects of the hydration is more remarkable for the thinner liquid film. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=NozuShigeru en-aut-sei=Nozu en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=–ì’ÃŽ  kn-aut-sei=–ì’à kn-aut-mei=Ž  aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=120 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Genetic Algorithm with Evolutionary Chain-Based Mutation and Its Applications en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Mutation is one of the important operators in genetic algorithm. In traditional genetic algorithm, mutation is activated stochastically. In this way it is unknown and cannot be controlled for which individuals to be mutated. Therefore, it is unavoidable that some good individuals are destroyed by mutation and then the evolutionary efficiency of the genetic algorithm is dampened. Owing to this kind of destructivity of mutation, the operator of mutation has to be limited within a very small probability, and the potentiality of mutation is consequently limited. In this paper, we present an evolutionary chain-based mutation and a control strategy of reasonable competition, in which the heuristic information provided by the evaluation function is well utilized. This method avoids the blindness of stochastic mutation. The performance improved in this method is shown by two examples, a fuzzy modeling for the identification of a nonlinear function and a typical combinatorial optimization problem-the traveling salesman problem. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YeJu kn-aut-sei=Ye kn-aut-mei=Ju aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=“c’†‰ë”Ž kn-aut-sei=“c’† kn-aut-mei=‰ë”Ž aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaninoTetsuzo en-aut-sei=Tanino en-aut-mei=Tetsuzo kn-aut-name=’J–ì“NŽO kn-aut-sei=’J–ì kn-aut-mei=“NŽO aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=13 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19960329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of the Soft Surface Layer on Fatigue Strength of LowTemperature Aged Al-2mass % Cu Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Fatigue strength of Al-Cu alloy was examined by a repeated tensile mode when the specimens were aged and reversion annealed. The specimen quenched from 723K and aged fully around room temperature showed fatigue strength which depended on the existence of soft layer, while the specimen quenched from 723K and aged in the same way showed fatigue strength independent of the existence of the soft layer. Fatigue strength of the specimen, of which the soft surface layer was removed, was the same for either quenching temperature. Fatigue strength became higher when the soft surface layer was thickened with reversion annealing for 600s at 323K after aging. The soft surface layer was thought to increase fatigue strength of the aged Al-Cu alloy as well as Al-Zn alloy. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=26 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heat Transfer Characteristics of Two Phase ClosedThermosiphon for Geothermal Energy (1st Report: Measurement on Heat Transfer Coefficient) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=To prevent freezing of road and aquaduct by extracting geothermal heat with two phase closed thermosiphon has been widely used in a cold area. Both heat transfer characteristics in the underground soil and function of the thermosiphon to extract geothermal heat have to be made clear for the purpose of the above system. This study is directed for the purpose to prevent freezing of fire hydrant and composed of the fundamental experiment and the empirical experiment. In the fundamental study, heat transfer behavior is studied experimentally in the small size filling bath representing the underground soil layer. After recording temperature distribution, heat transfer coefficient is measured, they are proceeded into the correlation between the dimensionless number of Nusselt, Rayleigh and Fourier. The fundamental study is described as the first report. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HirashimaMasao kn-aut-sei=Hirashima kn-aut-mei=Masao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsui. Metal Engineering &Service Co., Ltd. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=121 end-page=131 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Stability and Sensitivity Analysis in Convex Vector Optimization en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper we provide some theoretical results on stability and sensitivity analysis in convex vector optimization. Given a family of parametrized vector optimization problems, the perturbation maps are defined as the set-valued map which associates to each parameter value the set of minimal points (properly minimal points, weakly minimal points) of the perturbed feasible set with respect to an ordering convex cone. Sufficient conditions for the upper and lower semicontinuity of the perturbations map are obtained. We also provide quantitative properties of the perturbation maps under some convexity assumptions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KukHun kn-aut-sei=Kuk kn-aut-mei=Hun aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaninoTetsuzo en-aut-sei=Tanino en-aut-mei=Tetsuzo kn-aut-name=’J–ì“NŽO kn-aut-sei=’J–ì kn-aut-mei=“NŽO aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TanakaMasahiro en-aut-sei=Tanaka en-aut-mei=Masahiro kn-aut-name=“c’†‰ë”Ž kn-aut-sei=“c’† kn-aut-mei=‰ë”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=27 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Heat Transfer Characteristics of Two Phase Closed Thermosiphon for Geothermal Energy (2nd Report: Heat Transfer Behavior on Site) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heating and refrigerating technique such as snow melting of road and cold storage by utilizing temperature difference between underground soil and atmosphere is widely used[1-4] in a cold area. In the 1st Report, heat transfer characteristics of two phase closed thermosiphon for extracting geothermal energy is studied fundamentally. In the empirical study, heat extract rate is measured in connection with the change of atmospheric temperature utilizing real two thermosiphons on the site. Temperature distribution on the surface of the thermosiphon and underground soil around it is also measured. Based on the data of the empirical experiment, it is confirmed that prevention of freezing for fire hydrant can be achieved by geothermal heat utilizing two phase closed thermosiphon. Present paper describes the heat transfer behavior of the thermosiphon as the 2nd report. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HirashimaMasao kn-aut-sei=Hirashima kn-aut-mei=Masao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsui. Metal Engineering &Service Co., Ltd. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=53 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Measurement of Methane Concentration in a Rice Paddy Field with a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectrometry en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A prototype device based on the tunable diode laser absorption spectrometry was constructed and the atmospheric methane concentration near the terrain in a rice paddy field was measured. An open optical path of 50 m length was employed along with a PbSnTe diode laser. Diurnal change of methane density with 30 seconds temporal resolution was recorded associated with meteorological parameters. A feasibility was proven for a practical application for in situ study of atmospheric methane. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KagawaNaoki en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Naoki kn-aut-name=ì’¼ŒÈ kn-aut-sei=ì kn-aut-mei=’¼ŒÈ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HaiXu en-aut-sei=Hai en-aut-mei=Xu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=SanoHiroya en-aut-sei=Sano en-aut-mei=Hiroya kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=InubushiKazuyuki en-aut-sei=Inubushi en-aut-mei=Kazuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Measurement and Test Center, North-East Normal University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering, Fukuyama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Bioresource, Mie University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=27 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Expert System for Reducing the Variety of Parts in Multi-item Production en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A method for reducing the variety of parts is proposed. The variety of parts in a product and the variety of parts among products are evaluated in consideration of some factors that influence the production cost. Rules are formulated for selecting parts which should be eliminated or whose designs should be changed to reduce these varieties. An expert system is developed based on this method for reducing the variety of parts. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DongRui kn-aut-sei=Dong kn-aut-mei=Rui aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=27 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19921125 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Impact of JR Seto Ohashi Line on Residential Land Value en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper aims to examine the impact of JR (Japan Railways) Seto Ohashi Line on residential land value. First, the study examines the trends in land value in the area along JR Seto Ohashi Line by applying the area comparison method. The method estimates the effect of JR Seto Ohashi Line on residential land value by comparing land values between the study area and the Okayama Metropolitan Area. Second, the property value method is applied to measure the effect of railroad construction. The effect is estimated with a residential land-value regression, which is calibrated using land value data along the Seto Ohashi Line. Finally, the results are compared with the empirical studies in the Greater Tokyo Region, and various features of the impact of railroad construction on land value are identified. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeHirofumi en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”GŽj kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=GŽj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Evaluation of Eigenmodes of Dielectric Waveguides by a Numerical Method Based on the BPM en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=For weakly guiding dielectric waveguides, the eigenmode field distributions are calculated numerically with a simple algorithm. In this numerical method, the transverse sampling space can be chosen arbitrarily, and hence a narrow waveguide can be analyzed. The field satisfying scalar wave equation is expressed by the discrete Fourier transform and the mode eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are calculated by solving an eigenvalue equation numerically. The validity of this method is checked for 2-D waveguides having step and parabolic or square index distributions. It is found that for the well guided TE modes of the slab waveguide, the accuracy of this method is remarkably good, but some discrepancies are found if the mode is near cut off. In the problems where the normalized guide index b is small, caution should be taken in applying the results of this numerical method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AhmedAnis en-aut-sei=Ahmed en-aut-mei=Anis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TaniguchiShinji en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Shinji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=WangMing en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ming kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=73 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Model of Water Quality Management for the Hino River en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Lake Biwa is the largest lake in Japan, and one of the most important fresh water resources. The Hino River is the fourth largest river among the rivers which flow into Lake Biwa. The eutrophication of the lake has been warned since the 1960s. In order to improve the water quality of the lake, to decrease the loads through rivers is inevitable. Therefore, it is needed to predict the effects of measures to control pollutant loads and the influence of development in the basin on the loads from rivers before developing the basin and taking measures. This paper deals mainly with the model of water quality management for the Hino River and the effects of the development in the basin on the water quality. The model was formulated considering loads from forests, rice paddy fields, households, housing land, industrial factories. Using this model, a calculation system by a microcomputer was developed and the influence of urbanization of the basin was discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaraOsami en-aut-sei=Kawara en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=‰ÍŒ´’·”ü kn-aut-sei=‰ÍŒ´ kn-aut-mei=’·”ü aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DannoHideki kn-aut-sei=Danno kn-aut-mei=Hideki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KunimatsuTakao kn-aut-sei=Kunimatsu kn-aut-mei=Takao aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tohre Engineering, Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Agriculture, Shiga Prefectural Junior College END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=75 end-page=94 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Urban Expressway Pricing under Constraint en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Four radials-single ring urban expressway network is priced and, simultaneously, optimized in its spatial formation under the constraint that a balance must be kept of revenue and expenditure. The model consists of three sub-models: road system, car trip generation-attraction and traffic diversion. Network performance is assessed on two criteria; trip number criterion on which the aggregate number of car trips diverted onto expressway is maximized and travel hour criterion on which the travel hours of car trips integrated over the road system; surface and expressway, is minimized. Optimization is tried by numerical calculation for some sets of parameters in the model. The results are summarized as follows; (1) simultaneous optimization of price and spatial formation of the expressway network is possible on each of criteria, (2) trip number criterion produces lower pricing and smaller network while travel hour criterion does higher pricing and larger network, (3) optimum solution lies in a delicate relation of price and spatial network formation that comes from the balance constraint. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NoguchiHisahumi kn-aut-sei=Noguchi kn-aut-mei=Hisahumi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Daiwa Housing Co. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=57 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=One-Dimensional Classical Plasmas in Ion Traps, Ion Storage Rings, and Semiconductor Quantum Wires en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As plasmas with extremely reduced dimensionality, properties of one-dimensional classical plasmas are analyzed in the domain of strong coupling and static and dynamic structure factors and the plasmon dispersion relation are obtained. These plasmas may be realized in Penning traps with sufficiently strong confinement and also in semiconductor quantum wires under appropriate conditions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=95 end-page=108 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19911130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Systematic Method for Constructing the IDEA BANK Based on the EBL en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes a method to construct IDEA BANK automatically. IDEA BANK is the data base of the "function-structure module" which is utilized in systematic conceptual design from Value Engineering perspectives. The method based on the Machine Learning EBL technique was evaluated and implemented for the IDEA BANK using SUN workstation. The practical implementation of the IDEA BANK acquisition was discussed after elucidating the problem and solution of the EBL technique in engineering design. In the IDEA BANK system, the structural features of an existing article are analyzed by hierarchically organized domain specific knowledge to yield a systematic explanation of how they function and attain their design goals. The explanation resulted in a generalized version of the Functional Diagram used in Value Engineering from which "function-structure module" can be extracted systematically. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawakamiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Kawakami en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=ìã_Ži kn-aut-sei=ìã kn-aut-mei=_Ži aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiTadataka en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Tadataka kn-aut-name=¬¼’‰F kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=’‰F aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=76 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Electronic Structure of C(60) Molecule -Structure of ƒÎ-electron Band- en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The ƒÎ-electron band of C(60) molecule has been obtained by the tight binding approximation. Application of molecular orbital wave functions derived on the basis of the optimized bond orbital model gives, with simpler calculations, the results in satisfactory agreement with those of previous theoretical analyses. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsubaraTakeo kn-aut-sei=Matsubara kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ObuchiMasumi kn-aut-sei=Obuchi kn-aut-mei=Masumi aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Radiative Characteristics of Frost Layer in Frosting and Defrosting Processes en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Radiative characteristics of the frost layer melted by radiative heat are experimentally examined. A frost layer is heated from above by the radiative heat from a halogen lamp set. Thermal radiation of the lamp has the wavelength spectrum characteristics similar to those of the solar radiation. The effect of the environmental temperature upon the frost melting process is clarified in experiments. The optical characteristics of reflectivity, absorptivity and transmissivity of the frost layer during the melting of the frost layer are measured using special measuring instruments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OtakeHideo en-aut-sei=Otake en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=‘å’|G—Y kn-aut-sei=‘å’| kn-aut-mei=G—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozuShigeru en-aut-sei=Nozu en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=–ì’ÃŽ  kn-aut-sei=–ì’à kn-aut-mei=Ž  aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Freezing of Quiescent Water in a Horizontal Cylinder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Heat transfer measurements were conducted during freezing of quiescent water in a horizontal cylinder. A horizontal cylinder with inner diameter of 61.1 mm is cooled by air in a constant low temperature room and time variations of the radial distribution of fluid temperature were observed. Experimental results for the velocity of the phase change interface, the time taken for complete freezing and apparent freezing heat transfer coefficient were compared with the simple theoretical model based on the quasisteady assumption. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FengYibu kn-aut-sei=Feng kn-aut-mei=Yibu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NozuShigeru en-aut-sei=Nozu en-aut-mei=Shigeru kn-aut-name=–ì’ÃŽ  kn-aut-sei=–ì’à kn-aut-mei=Ž  aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Food Engineering, Heilongjiang Commercial College affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=30 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19951228 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Standardizing Parts with Integer Programming en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A method for standardizing parts is proposed. This method aims to reduce the sort of parts for cutting the manufacturing cost and for improving specifications of parts. Two linear mathematical programming models are proposed for standardizing the parts. One model aims at cutting cost half without causing any degradation of mechanical specifications of parts. The other model aims at doubling mechanical specifications of parts below the acceptable manufacturing cost. These models are formulated in 0-1 integer programming forms. The integer programming model shows which part is common to other parts. An example is shown to demonstrate the use of the developed method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=DongLiu kn-aut-sei=Dong kn-aut-mei=Liu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=155 end-page=161 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Methods for Tele-Operation of Mobile Type Maintenance Robot en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper proposes a concept of a mobile type maintenance robot (MMR in shortly) that is controlled by the tele-operation for assuring the safety and health improvement of work forces. The main components of this system are the industrial robot, an image processing unit, vehicle and computers for tele-operation. Our focus is paid on a method that determine a pathway to move every places where troubles would occur. This method makes it possible that the MMR could arrive any place in the factory with three times of turns at most. Additionally, turning radius of the vehicle is considered for correcting the pathway near the corners to make it possible that it arrives to the place accurately. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakahashiHiromitsu kn-aut-sei=Takahashi kn-aut-mei=Hiromitsu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=WadaYatarou kn-aut-sei=Wada kn-aut-mei=Yatarou aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=163 end-page=168 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Development of Assembly Robot System for Flexible Belt-Shaped Subject en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We develop an assembly robot system for assembling the flexible belt-shaped subject. An image processing method is developed to recognize the belt-shaped subject. This method is able to determine the grasping point and grasping angle for piking up a subject by a multiple hands unit. CAD information is used to determine the grasping point. The multiple hands unit is developed, which is able to grasp all grasping points of a subject at a time. In addition, the image processing method is used to judge whether a subject is fastened accurately at right position or not during the assembly. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=UchiyamaHiromitsu kn-aut-sei=Uchiyama kn-aut-mei=Hiromitsu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyazakiSatoshi kn-aut-sei=Miyazaki kn-aut-mei=Satoshi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsukiKatsunori kn-aut-sei=Matsuki kn-aut-mei=Katsunori aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Uchiyama Manufacturing Corporation END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=169 end-page=175 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Image Processing Method for Handling Subject Piled in a Container en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We propose an image processing method for part handling robot for picking up subjects piled in a container. Line laser light is projected on subjects, and its external shape is detected by many segments of a line laser, and pitch, roll, and yaw angles of subject are recognized precisely. A priority rule is settled to choose one subject that is taken out. This rule is determined by considering the grasping space, the position of a subject, the movement space of hand and so on. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=UedaKiyotaka kn-aut-sei=Ueda kn-aut-mei=Kiyotaka aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=177 end-page=182 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cooperative Handling Robot with Human Beings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The focus of this paper is on the analysis of delivery motion of human, development of an image processing method based on the motion analysis and development of the cooperative delivery robot using the image processing method. The proposed image processing method uses two cameras, and it uses a stereo reconstruction technique for measuring position and postures of hands. In addition, this image processing method recognize the number of fingers extending consciously, so the cooperative human beings could choose the kind of tool which he wants by holding out his hand in front of cameras. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KankiKunihiko kn-aut-sei=Kanki kn-aut-mei=Kunihiko aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OhtaKazuharu kn-aut-sei=Ohta kn-aut-mei=Kazuharu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=183 end-page=189 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Design Production System with Multi Energy Resources en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This research proposes a strategy for reducing both electricity charge and environmental load by considering multi energy sources. The reduction of the contract electric demand is considered, and its differential cost is used for purchasing substitute power sources. Some variables, such as the amount of reduced contract demand, and amount of electricity are generated by each substitute power source. By using those variables, we formulate a simulation model that enables to minimize the energy cost and environmental cost. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TabuchiSatoshi kn-aut-sei=Tabuchi kn-aut-mei=Satoshi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The study on the Evaluation of Eye Movement Using Computer Program en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The eye movement has been studied widely, because it gives various information about the characteristics of visual work. Almost all of those studies have concentrated on the distribution of the visual points, the direction and width of the saccadic movement and the fixation time of the measures. However there are few measures to evaluate the relationship between the visual objects and eye movement. Recently, the personal computer become portable and this makes it possible to analyze the many data and to show the results graphically on the experimental field. In this study, we propose a series of methods to evaluate how a subject looks at a visual field using the queue theory, and how often man looks at the central part of the visual field using the statistical two-dimensional ellipse. We developed the Pascal program on an personal computer(NEC PC9800). This program has 3 functions. One is the measurement of eye movement, the second is the calculation of the proposed measures and the third is the display of the results of these calculations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsudaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name=¼“c³–¾ kn-aut-sei=¼“c kn-aut-mei=³–¾ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=191 end-page=196 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Disassembly System using an Impact Hammer for the Material Recycling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We developed the disassembly system that uses the impulsive load and disassembly tools to disassemble used appliances economically. The main components of this system are impulse hammer, a lift table and developed disassembly tools. Several types of disassembly tools are developed to punch out fastened portion on a part and cut off the shaft of screw or connection pin of IC-chip. A simulation model is proposed to explain and formulate how the fastening point of product is broken and cut. Three kinds of disassembly tools are designed. The actual disassembly system is developed by using proposed simulation models and disassembly tools. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YoshidaTakanobu kn-aut-sei=Yoshida kn-aut-mei=Takanobu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OhtaKazuharu kn-aut-sei=Ohta kn-aut-mei=Kazuharu aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=94 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1995 dt-pub=19950327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Backward Scheduling to Minimize the Actual Mean Flow Time with Dependent and Independent Setup Times en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The present paper deals with a new perfomance measure, the actual mean flow time, defined as a mean of the elapsed time of each job counted from the start time on a schedule to the corresponding due date. For the one machine backward scheduling model with a common due date and independent setup times, LPT schedule is shown as the optimal solution for the proposed measure. An optimal algorithm is presented for the case with dependent setup times on the basis of the algorithm by Arcelus and Chandra for a n / 1 / F forward scheduling problem. The proposed algorithm is coded in C-language and a computational experience is reported through a 16-bit computer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SekoguchiKenji en-aut-sei=Sekoguchi en-aut-mei=Kenji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MiyazakiShigeji en-aut-sei=Miyazaki en-aut-mei=Shigeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Sience and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Mathematics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=31 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Study on Robot System to Hand Surgical Intrument to a Surgeon in a Surgery (1st Report, Development of Surgical Instrument Recognition System) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The nurse supporting robot system to prepare and hand surgical instruments to a surgeon is proposed to reduce work of nurse in a surgical operation. In this paper, the surgical instrument recognition system (SIRS) is developed to hand the surgical instruments to a surgeon by the robot. The characteristics ot the instruments are area of the instruments, ratio of minimum center-contour distance to maximum one and its outline contour, are recognized by using the image processing. Kinds of the instruments are distinguished by these characteristics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IwamotoHidehisa kn-aut-sei=Iwamoto kn-aut-mei=Hidehisa aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=HashimotoAtsufumi kn-aut-sei=Hashimoto kn-aut-mei=Atsufumi aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=SekiShuji en-aut-sei=Seki en-aut-mei=Shuji kn-aut-name=ŠÖB“ñ kn-aut-sei=ŠÖ kn-aut-mei=B“ñ aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Kure National College of Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of System Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of System Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of System Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of System Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Medicine, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=45 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Recognition Index of Part and Unit by Discrimination Characteristics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose a recognition index to evaluate the complexity of discrimination among parts and units. The parts and units are classified into some groups (the number of groups is shown as n) by one characteristic, such as color, shape, size and so on. The recognition index of each is denoted as log(2) (n+1) by the information quantity formula. The recognition diagram shows the classfication of parts and units into only one part and unit by the structure of a characteristic. Further we propose the line balancing method for assembly line based on the working time and recognition index. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=47 end-page=52 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Recognition Methods Combined Image Processing With 2D or 3D CAD Information (CAD/IP) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose the recognition methods by image processing using 2D or 3D CAD. In the case of 2D CAD, an object is recognized by comparing five characters calculated from the center of gravity and contour. In the case of 3D CAD, there are two recognition methods. Firstly 3D CAD figure is transformed into 2D CAD figures. And an object is recognized by comparing 2D CAD figures with inputted images. Secondly the three dimensional coordinates of vertexes on an object are calculated from the images taken from some cameras and compared 3D coordinates with those of 3D CAD figures and recognized the sort of an object. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=JindaiMitsuru en-aut-sei=Jindai en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name=_‘ã[ kn-aut-sei=_‘ã kn-aut-mei=[ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYosiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yosiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=50 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Simple Model for Hydrogen-Bonding Ferroelectrics en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=There are some substances in which their hydrogen bonds are considered to play quite important roles in their ferroelectric or antiferroelectric phase transition. These ferroelectrics usually have large isotope effects in phase transition temperatures and we expect the physics of hydrogen bonds is closely related to the effects. We propose a simple model describing the isolated hydrogen bond. Based on quantum-mechanical analyses of this model, we study the difference between the behavior of a proton and a deuteron in hydrogen bonds. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsubaraTakeo kn-aut-sei=Matsubara kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute for Condensed Matter Theory END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=57 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method for Designing an Automatic Monitoring System for Unmanned Rooms en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A method for designing a monitoring system with multiple cameras is proposed in order to supervise and recognize the progress of wide work area. First, a wide view camera is deveeloped by combining several usual cameras so that its visual angle could cover more than ƒÎ/2. Secondly, A method for determining the number and location points of cameras is proposed by considering the shape of monitored area and the installation cost of cameras. The monitored area is divided into three kinds of basic shape (rectangular form, L form and convex form). For every basic shape area, the camera is located at the vertex pasition, so that the whole area can be monitored by the camera. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=LiSen kn-aut-sei=Li kn-aut-mei=Sen aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYosiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yosiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=91 end-page=96 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Intelligent Monitoring System Using Multiviewpoints for Teleperation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose the method to determine the position of the 2 cameras for the multiviewpoints as the robot is the work place. The optical axit's direction of the 1st camera is determined in the base ot work contents in teleoperation. The multiviewpoints system uses the 2 camera units that aren't installed side by side, so that the direction of the 2nd camera is decided in the base of the angle between the optical axes' direction of 2 cameras. Next, the distance from the camera to the work place is determined according to the distance resolution of image on the monitor, and the camera type of which the point-blank range is not this distance is selected. And the efficacy ot this system is examined with an experiment. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=111 end-page=119 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Study of Facility Layout Method in Recycling Plant using AGV en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Our country faces a serious problem of the environmental pollution by the production and the large quantity consumption of the industry product. The thoroughness of resources recycling has become necessary to solve these problems. As for the product design and the production control, how productivity should be improved has been discussed with extreme emphasis. But from now, as for the product design, both assemblability and disassemblability must be taken into consideration at the same time. And also in production management, it must be investigated how the products can be recycled in the low cost. Therfore, the facility layout method with two phases in recycling plant, which is composed of both the procedure for the layout of facility group and the procedure for the layout of intermal facility group by the optimal solution method and the suboptimal solution method by neural network is proposed in this paper. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiharaYutaka kn-aut-sei=Fujihara kn-aut-mei=Yutaka aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MunesawaYoshiomi en-aut-sei=Munesawa en-aut-mei=Yoshiomi kn-aut-name=@àV—Çb kn-aut-sei=@àV kn-aut-mei=—Çb aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Matsue National College of Technology, Department of Control Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Contents en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University kn-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Clay Minerals by the Ignition Loss MethodUsing a Muffle Furnace en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A technique for determining the layer structure and content of clay minerals was developed based on the relationship between temperature, and moisture characteristics of clay minerals. Moisture content in standard specimens, prepared by mixing montmorillonite, kaolinite and quartz in various proportions, was determined by measuring weight loss after heating. Based on the results from differential thermal analysis tests, the ignition loss method was found to be widely applicable to clays with montmorillonite and kaolinite as the main components. Dehydration of constituent water occurred at 530Ž and 800Ž in two- and three-layered clay minerals, respectively. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KohnoIichiro en-aut-sei=Kohno en-aut-mei=Iichiro kn-aut-name=‰Í–ìˆÉˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=‰Í–ì kn-aut-mei=ˆÉˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanabeKazuyasu kn-aut-sei=Tanabe kn-aut-mei=Kazuyasu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TomitaTakemitsu kn-aut-sei=Tomita kn-aut-mei=Takemitsu aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering, Fukuyama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering, Fukuyama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=77 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Beam Focusing Antenna for the TE(0)n Mode High-Power Millimeter Wave en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes a method to design an antenna to focus millimeter-wave beam generated by a gyrotron. The antenna, which has been proposed by the authors, consists of a stair-cut circular waveguide and two cylindrical reflectors; one is elliptic and the other is parabolic. Its principle is based on the geometrical optics though slightly modified to consider the diffraction effect. Results of low-power experiments agree well with the design on beam direction, beam width and the position of the focal point. At 35.5 GHz using TE(01) mode, a focused beam with half-power thickness of 13 mm x 10 mm was obtained. This type of antennas find applications to millimeter-wave scattering measurement in fusion plasma research and high- energy-density source for material heating. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakajimaMasamitsu kn-aut-sei=Nakajima kn-aut-mei=Masamitsu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electronics, Kyoto University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Transport Simulasion in a Burning Tokamak Plasma en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A one-dimensional tokamak transport code (TASK/TR) has been developed to analyze the evolution of a burning plasma accompanied with fusion reaction. This code deals with the electrons, deuterons, tritons, thermalized ƒ¿ particles, fast ƒ¿ particles and beam ions, separately, in order to describe the dependence of the reaction rate on the ion mixture ratio. As an energy transport model, the drift wave turbulence mode is employed. The heating and current drive by the neutral beam injection as well as the pellet injection for fuelling are also included. This code is applied to a reactor-grade plasma aimed at in the ITER project. The cases of an ignited plasma and a current-driven plasma are examined. The required power for full current drive is estimated. The effect of pellet injection, both fuel and impurity ions, is also studied. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FukuyamaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Fukuyama en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name=•ŸŽR~ kn-aut-sei=•ŸŽR kn-aut-mei=~ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KasaiTakashi kn-aut-sei=Kasai kn-aut-mei=Takashi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FurutaniYoichiro en-aut-sei=Furutani en-aut-mei=Yoichiro kn-aut-name=ŒÃ’J—mˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ’J kn-aut-mei=—mˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=129 end-page=138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Spectrum of Schottky Noise in Ion Storage Rings en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The spectrum of Schottky noise in ion storage rings is analyzed as density fluctuations in effectively one-dimensional plasmas. Strong coupling effects in these plasmas are discussed in relation to experimental observations. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=26 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=139 end-page=150 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1992 dt-pub=19920328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Scattering by a Penny-Shaped Crack Subject to Oblique Incident Waves en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Scattering problems by a penny-shaped crack are solved using a time-domain boundary integral equation method, The crack is located in an infinite homogeneous, isotropic, linearly elastic solid, and is subjected to an oblique incident wave of either P-, SV-, or SH-wave, The hypersingular integral equation is solved to obtain near-field solutions as well as scattered far-fields. The accuracy of the present method is confirmed by comparing the near-field solutions for different arrangement of elements, Scattered far-fields are calculated for various incident waves, and their usefulness in quantitative non-destructive evaluation is discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=HiroseSohichi en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Sohichi kn-aut-name=œA£‘sˆê kn-aut-sei=œA£ kn-aut-mei=‘sˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=129 end-page=138 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1993 dt-pub=19931130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Simulation of Rock Toughness Testing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The testing method of rock toughness is proposed by the international society of rock mechanics (ISRM), but the results may be influenced by the test pieces, and the details of the crack propagation and the stress intensity factors are not clarified through the testing. Also the experimental test requires tedious works for the preparation of test specimen and economical responsibility. The present study aims to simulate numerically the rock toughness testing which is proposed by ISRM. For this purpose, the authors propose a numerical method which can simulate the experimental testing, and they show the propriety of the proposed method by comparing the results with the experimental and other numerical methods. At the same time, they clarify the details of crack propagation behaviors in rocks, and show the change of the stress intensity factors. The proposed method is based on the displacement-type finite element method, and several techniques are introduced to obtain accurate solution of the mechanical behavior near the crack-tip area. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒûŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒû kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiroseSohichi en-aut-sei=Hirose en-aut-mei=Sohichi kn-aut-name=œA£‘sˆê kn-aut-sei=œA£ kn-aut-mei=‘sˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OuchterlonyFinn kn-aut-sei=Ouchterlony kn-aut-mei=Finn aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NakagawaKohji kn-aut-sei=Nakagawa kn-aut-mei=Kohji aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyajiAkihiko kn-aut-sei=Miyaji kn-aut-mei=Akihiko aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FukuokaYasufumi kn-aut-sei=Fukuoka kn-aut-mei=Yasufumi aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Swedish Blasting Laboratory, Sweden affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering, Yamaguchi University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Japan Development and Construction Company Ltd. affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Kawasaki Heavy Industry Company Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=15 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=One-Electron State of a Partially Ionized High-Z Ion en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An effective potential of an isolated partially ionized high-Z ion, calculated within the framework of the statistical models of atoms, is injected into the one-electron Schr?dinger equation, in view of evaluating the electron density and comparing it with the results of statistical models. Starting from this initial value, a self-consistent electron density is obtained on the basis of the density functional theory, where quantum natures of electrons are fully taken into account. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=FurutaniYoichiro en-aut-sei=Furutani en-aut-mei=Yoichiro kn-aut-name=ŒÃ’J—mˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ’J kn-aut-mei=—mˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KomakiKunitaka kn-aut-sei=Komaki kn-aut-mei=Kunitaka aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanabeMasahiro kn-aut-sei=Tanabe kn-aut-mei=Masahiro aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=35 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Thermodynamic Sum Rules for Mixtures of Charged Particles en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Several methods to derive thermodynamic sum rules for a system including charged particle are proposed and applied to charged mixtures as well as one-component systems. The validity of the statements is examined carefully with respect to the ordering in the powers of the wave number. As for the mixture of electrons and ions, it is shown how the aspect of the one-component plasma or the ionic mixture appears when electrons become strongly degenerate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Clusters in Low-Concentrated Al-Mg Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The state above the solubility temperature of GP zones of Al-3mass % Mg alloy, which has a tendency for precipitation and preprecipitation at low temperature, was studied by resistivity measurement. Homogenization treatment at high temperature reduced Mg atoms in the surface layer. After quenching from 623K, the specimen was annealed sequentially at various temperatures above the GP zone solvus. The stationary resistivity obtained in annealing at a temperature was the same irrespective of the starting state and increased with decreasing annealing temperature. No precipitation was observed in the annealing. The results are not in favor of the segregation of Mg atoms to the dislocation loops but of the short range clustering. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaK. en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=K. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokotaY. en-aut-sei=Yokota en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=22 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=63 end-page=70 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19880331 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mode Choice In Interregional Occupational Person Trips en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The paper is a case study mode choice in interregional occupational person trips. Disagregate behavioral model of logit type is applied to the occupational person trips from Tsuyama area in Okayama Prefecture to Osaka area. The model turned out to give asignificant explanation of the interregional mode choice characteristics. Travel time, travelling expenses and " with or wi thout heavy baggage " were found to be significant. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSyo kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Syo aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KishinoKeiichi kn-aut-sei=Kishino kn-aut-mei=Keiichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Consulting Engineer, Chuo Fukken Consultants Co., Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Study on the Evaluation of the Visual Work Using the Logistic Curve en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Display equipment has been used as communication media in the factory, office, and home. In order to communicate effectively, it is necessary to clarify the characteristics of eye movement in the case of looking at the display. The development of Eye Camera enables us to measure eye movement during work, so that we can collect the many data of eye movement during work. In this study, we proposed a method to evaluate the visual work using the distribution of visual points in X and Y axis. The cumulative distribution is approximated by the logistic curve which shows the symmetry and kurtosis by the parameter. The proposed method was applied to the three typical display models, that is, the digital meter model, reading model, and game model. In the digital meter model, the visual points were distributed symmetrically along the meters, and the symmetry and kurtosis of the distribution varied by the arranged direction of the meter. In the reading model, the visual points were distributed nearly symmetrically and uniformly in each axis and they were moved around the character and line from the period of spectrum analysis. In the game model, the visual points moved according to the target and were distributed symmetrically in the Y axis. And whether the target moved vertically or horizontally, the kurtosis of the distribution became equal in each axis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MatsudaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name=¼“c³–¾ kn-aut-sei=¼“c kn-aut-mei=³–¾ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Cyclone Dust Collector with a Perforated Internal Rotating Cylinder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An experimental investigation has been made of the cyclone dust collector with a perforated internal rotating cylinder. The size of the rotating cylinder is of 0.5D, where D is the diameter of the cyclone body, and is the same size as the outlet tube. The dust collection efficiency as well as the pressure loss has been measured when the inlet flow speed is 9 ~ 21 m/s and the rotating speed of the cylinder is 37 ~ 63 m/s. The velocity and pressure distributions were also measured. It is found that the collection efficiency decreases and the pressure loss increases as the rotating speed increases. It is also shown that both the inward radial velocity and the upward vertical velocity become large as the rotating cylinder increases its speed. As a whole, the rotation of the internal cylinder makes worse performance of the cyclone dust collector. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kyoji kn-aut-name=ŽR–{‹±“ñ kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=‹±“ñ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=JiaoXuezhen kn-aut-sei=Jiao kn-aut-mei=Xuezhen aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Collimation of Cerenkov-SHG Blue Light with a Parabolic Mirror en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Proposed here is a convenient optical system to collimate the crescent shaped blue laser beam radiated from a Cerenkov SHG in channel waveguide configuration. This collimation system is consisted of a parabolic mirror and has a very large tolerance to the mirror displacement. The anisotropy of the nonlinear crystal on which the waveguide is fabricated has been taken into account. The optimum mirror location is given to obtain a collimated blue laser beam with an aberration less than 0.07ƒÉ. By using an objective lens, the collimated beam can be focused down to a thin beam with the spot size less than 1ƒÊm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WangMing en-aut-sei=Wang en-aut-mei=Ming kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=AhmedAnis en-aut-sei=Ahmed en-aut-mei=Anis kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KogaRyuji en-aut-sei=Koga en-aut-mei=Ryuji kn-aut-name=ŒÃ‰ê—²Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ŒÃ‰ê kn-aut-mei=—²Ž¡ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=28 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=58 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19940315 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Note on the Piezoelectric Constant of PbZrO(3)-PbTiO(3)(PZT) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=One of the best known solid solution of perovskites is the PbTiO(3)-PbZrO(3) system which is usually abbreviated as PZT. In the phase diagram of this system, there is a drastic phase change from tetragonal to rhombohedral at the molar ratio around 50:50. The PZT crystals are widely used as a practical piezoelectric material because of its very strong piezoelectric effect near this morphotropic phase boundary. We try to explain this anomaly in piezoelectric constant by a phenomenological theory. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsubaraTakeo kn-aut-sei=Matsubara kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MiyataSatoru kn-aut-sei=Miyata kn-aut-mei=Satoru aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=68 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Determination of Electrical Parameters for Skin during Galvanic Skin Reflex from Continuous Measurement en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Skin impedance satisfies the Cole-Cole arc's law. The change of skin impedance during GSR (Galvanic Skin Reflex) can be expressed by the change of equivalent parallel resistance approximately. Using these characteristics, the complicated change of skin impedance during GSR can be determined continuously from the measurement value in one frequency point. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=ŽR–{®• kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=®• aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoTatsuma en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Tatsuma kn-aut-name=ŽR–{’C”n kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=’C”n aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineeringtronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=82 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1988 dt-pub=19881122 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Plasma Oscillation in Semiconductor Superlattice Structure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The statistical properties of two-dimensional systems of charges in semiconductor superlattices are analyzed and the dispersion relation of the plasma oscillation is calculated. The possibility to excite these oscillations by applying the electric field parallel to the structure is discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakeiMakoto kn-aut-sei=Takei kn-aut-mei=Makoto aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Oepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Oepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Wettability and Supercooling Phenomena of Ga en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Surface tension (ƒÁ(L)) and contact angle (ƒÆ) of gallium related to wettability on Teflon and other substrates (Al(2)O(3), SiO(2), glass, graphite, BN, AI, Ni, As etc.) were investigated. The values of Teflon were 0.70(6)N/m and 158‹ in pure argon atmosphere, and the ones of other substrates were listed in a table in this text. We were interested especially in the relative values, ƒÁ(L)'s, on the substrates as compared with ƒÁ(L) on Teflon substrate. Liquid Ga showed spreading wetting on pure Ni metal and adhesional wetting on Al (supposed to be covered by A1(2)O(3)) and on metallic polycrystal As. Surface tension of Ga was remarkably decreased by a kind of oxide contamination due to oxygen in air. The surface layer coated by the contamination was of amorphous state nearly same as liquid Ga. The amorphous coat caused liquid Ga rather high supercooling of ¢T~35K. It seems that the contamination layer (oxide fi1m) smeared the crystal nucleation sites on the free surface of liquid Ga en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KamiyabuHideto en-aut-sei=Kamiyabu en-aut-mei=Hideto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MaedaHironobu en-aut-sei=Maeda en-aut-mei=Hironobu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=13 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fundamental Study on Electrical Discharge Machining en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The generation mechanism of crater in electrical discharge machining is analyzed with a single pulse discharge device for alloy tool steel, black alumina ceramics, cermet and cemented carbide, investigating the gap voltage, the discharge current, the shape of crater, the wear of electrode and so on. The experimental analysis makes it clear that the shape of crater has a characteristic feature for the kind of workpiece. The shape of electrode, which changes with the wear by an electric spark, has a significant effect on the shape of crater. The diameter and the depth of crater have a close relation to the discharge energy for alloy tool steel, black alumina ceramics and cermet, while those for cemented carbide are related to the discharge current. The shape factor which is the ratio of the depth to the diameter of crater is different for the work material. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakajimaToshikatsu en-aut-sei=Nakajima en-aut-mei=Toshikatsu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=EndoOsamu en-aut-sei=Endo en-aut-mei=Osamu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=39 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Expert System for the Scheduling of a Flexible Assembly Line for Multi Item Products en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=An expert system, in which preconditions and rules are expressed in logical formulas, is developed to support the scheduling of an automated job shop type multi-item assembly line. This system has the foIIowing characteristics to apply any case of schedulings: (1)Forward scheduling orbackward scheduling can be made. (2)The criterion on the input order of products, the dispatching process at each assembly station, and the selection of products from a buffer can be selected from several priority criteria. (3)Layout, number and velocity of vehicles, and the capacity of each buffer can be changed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate school of natural science and technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of mechanical engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=19 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Design Method for Pin Holding Type Jig en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Multi-item flexible manufacturing systems have been spread to correspond the short life-cycle and the diversification of products. Part handling plays an important role to operate multi-functional robot efficiently in these systems, and many jigs are widely used to hold a part. They should be exchanged at once according to changing products. In this paper, we propose a pin jig which holds a part with two pins, and design method of the position, length and diameter of those pins for a cylindrical part. This jig has the following characteristics. As a surface of the jig is inclined to use gravity, the part can be fixed without any external forces. Therefore the structure of jig becomes simple, and loading and unloading of a part becomes easy for a robot hand. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=KurodaTsutomu kn-aut-sei=Kuroda kn-aut-mei=Tsutomu aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsudaMasaaki en-aut-sei=Matsuda en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name=¼“c³–¾ kn-aut-sei=¼“c kn-aut-mei=³–¾ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujisawaKeita kn-aut-sei=Fujisawa kn-aut-mei=Keita aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Tosco Co. LTD. affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Mitsubishi Electric Co., LTD. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=21 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Applicability of Aggregate and Disaggregate Estimations to Mode Choice by Inter-regional Occupational Person Trips en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Diversion model and disaggregate behavioral model of logit type are adopted as aggregate and disaggregate estimates, respectively. Diversion model is assumed as a binary choice process including diversion ratio function at each step in the process. Diversion ratio is assumed as a function of generalized-travel-time ratio. The function is identified with each of the two steps of diversion; diverson from rail and bus to car at first and from the rest undiverted to bus at second. The data used are those on inter-regional occupational person trips. Each function are found enough and/or critically significant in the statistical sense. At the begginning, sixteen characteristics variables are enrolled in disaggregate model, which are identified by use of the above data. Six variables are reached finally and are all reasonable. A brief comparison of goodness of fit to the data are made between two models. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiiNaoto kn-aut-sei=Fujii kn-aut-mei=Naoto aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate Student END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=33 end-page=44 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Flow of Rarefied Vapour past a Liquid Sphere en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper deals with the low Mach numbers flow of a rarefied vapour past a liquid sphere accompanied with condensation and evaporation at its surface. The linearized Bhatnager-Gross-Krook(B-G-K} equation is used for the analysis, and from it the integral equations of the density, temperature and flow velocities are derived. These integral equations are solved numerically over a wide range of the Knudsen number covering from the slip flow to the nearly free molecular flow. The drag on the sphere is also calculated and is compared with that of previous work. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IshiharaYuji kn-aut-sei=Ishihara kn-aut-mei=Yuji aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kyoji kn-aut-name=ŽR–{‹±“ñ kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=‹±“ñ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Mathematics affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Mathematics END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=23 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=55 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19890330 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=On Robust Incomplete Choleski-Conjugate Gradient Method And Its Modification en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper includes a solver for a large sparse set of linear algebraic equations which are obtained by the application of the finite element method to static structural problems. Proposed method is a modification of Robust Incomplete Choleski-Conjugate Gradient Method, which belongs to Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Method suitable for supercomputers. Through a number of numerical experiments the authors show that Robust Incomplete Choleski-Conjugate Gradient Method sometimes fails in to obtain the solutions, secondly they clarify the reason of the failures from the theoretical viewpoint, and finally they propose a modification of the robust method by the introduction of the theoretical result. Proposed method is as effective as the original, and it can overcome the demerit of Robust Method which is clarified through numerical experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒûŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒû kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiwaraKohji en-aut-sei=Fujiwara en-aut-mei=Kohji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Engineering Science Department affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Civil Engineering Department END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=92 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of the Radiation Characteristics of a Primary-Feed Waveguide in a Quasi-Optical Antenna for Circular TE(On) Mode en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Are calculated the radiation characteristics of two types of primary-feed waveguides of millimeter wave quasi-optical antennas, which transform circular TE(On) mode into a linearly polarized beam. These antennas are utilized for heating and diagnostics of fusion plasma. Analysis is based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle, which takes the diffraction effect into account. For Convenience in analysis, a feed waveguide is divided into two sections, an uniform waveguide section and a visor section. Assuming that the diameter of the waveguide is several times as large as the wavelength and that the structure of the visor is open, the radiation field is approximated by superposition of direct radiation, and first and second reflection on the visor. Numerical results are presented and compared with experimental results. In these types of waveguides, the shadow section on the visor has a great influence on the radiation field. The results of calculation show that the length of the visor should be longer than that obtained by the geometrical optics, and the longer visor reduces the side-lobe level in the direction of the waveguide axis. The results agree well with those in experiments. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=WadaOsami en-aut-sei=Wada en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name=˜a“cCŒÈ kn-aut-sei=˜a“c kn-aut-mei=CŒÈ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=105 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Propagation Characteristics of Superlattice Potentials and their Optimization en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Propagation of charged carriers in semiconductor superlattices is analyzed on the basis of the effective mass approximation with appropriate boundary conditions at heterojunctions taken into account. Applying the finite element method, clarified are the effects of details of the potential profile, such as linear and smooth gradings and random fluctuations, on characteristics of superlattices which are expected to work as collector barriers and energy filters in electronic devices. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HatataniTeruki en-aut-sei=Hatatani en-aut-mei=Teruki kn-aut-name=”¨’JŒõ‹P kn-aut-sei=”¨’J kn-aut-mei=Œõ‹P aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=21 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Quenching Condition on the Growth of GP Zones in Al-lmass % Ag Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aging of Al-lmass % Ag alloy at 273K after quenching under various conditions was studied by measurement of electrical resistivity. Scattering of the quasi-equilibrium value of resistivity (p(e)) was not random but closely related to the as-quenched value (p(o)); P(e) increased with increasing p(o)' When the quenching temperature (T(q)) was lower than or equal to 773K, the state at p(e) was controlled substantially by the concentration of quenched vacancy. On the other hand, when T(q)>823K, GP zones formed during quenching played an important role, instead of quenched vacancies, in determining the state. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=115 end-page=133 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Trends in the Regional Structure of Manufacturing Industries in Japan en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The rapid economic growth of Japan in the postwar period has brought about the over-concentration of activities in a few large cities, and local regions have been losing their economic vitality due to the regional differentials and the population loss. Regional development planning in Japan has sought to achieve a balanced growth of the nation through the development of industries in local regions. This paper aims to examine the regional structure of manufacturing industries in the postwar period and to identify its current problems. Three methods, namely the analysis of coefficient of variation, the rateshare analysis and the shift-share analysis are applied using employment data of manufacturing industries for the years 1955 to 1985. Findings show that while the employment of manufacturing industries has been markedly decentralized from metropolitan to local regions, the disparities in growth rates still exist among regions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeHirofumi en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”GŽj kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=GŽj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NogataMikio kn-aut-sei=Nogata kn-aut-mei=Mikio aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama Prefectural Office END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=135 end-page=152 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1989 dt-pub=19891129 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Simulation of Multicrack Propagation Behaviour in Steel Structure en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes the numerical simulation method of the multi-crack propagation behaviour which appear in a part of civil engineering structures with complex geometrical configuration like steel bridges. Proposed method can treat the interaction of several cracks which locate in a short distance each other, and the process of their growth can be grasped. The method is based on the finite element method, and the linear fracture mechanics is assumed. Proposed method includes following tools for the simulation of the crack propagation behaviour: Automatic Mesh Generators for 3-D, 2-D structural analysis, and 2-D crack propagation analysis, Multi-level Structural Analysis Technique, Estimation Method of the crack growth and the angle of cracks and the modelling method of traffic loadings. The validity of the method is investigated by comparing the result to the experimental one. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguhiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguhi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒûŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒû kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SuetsuguTsuyoshi en-aut-sei=Suetsugu en-aut-mei=Tsuyoshi kn-aut-name=––ŽŸ„ kn-aut-sei=––ŽŸ kn-aut-mei=„ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IwasakiMasaki kn-aut-sei=Iwasaki kn-aut-mei=Masaki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Yokogawa Bridge Works, LTD. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=51 end-page=57 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Superconductivity Proximity Effect in Inhomogeneous Media en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The superconductivity proximity effect in the dirty limit is revisited and equations and boundary conditions are obtained for the case of inhomogeneous media with continuously varying characteristic parameters. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=16 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Aging in Dilute Al-Si Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aging behavior of Al-0.23mass % Si alloy was studied by measurements of elecrical resistivity. Resistvity maximum was observed in the aging curves at 273K after quenching from various temperatures. Appearance of maximum and its dependence on the quenching temperature were attributed to the formation of GP zones. Even in a more dilute alloy as 0.01mass % Si, the maximum of resistivity was also recognized. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=30 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Film Continuity Problem on Journal Bearing Design en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Pressure distribution has been measured and analyzed to clarify the fundamental characteristics of "continuous oil-film" formed in a transparent journal bearing, into which oil in general use is supplied. Measured pressure mostly shows quasi-Sommerfeld distribution, which is characterized by downstream shift of pressure profile and underdevelopment of pressure trough compared with Sommerfeld distribution for perfect oil-film. Sommerfeld distribution is approximately observed only under limited conditions : low eccentricity and low speed. Quasi-Sommerfeld state is rather common in "continuous oil-film", unruptured film formed by using practical lubricants, than Sommerfeld state. Continuous oil-film is accompanied by fine bubbles and is controlled by the growing up or down of the bubbles. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KonishiTadataka en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Tadataka kn-aut-name=¬¼’‰F kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=’‰F aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=BabaMitsuru en-aut-sei=Baba en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name=”nê[ kn-aut-sei=”nê kn-aut-mei=[ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=71 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Optimal Pricing and Planning of Urban Expressway System en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A transportation planning way of approach is applied to optimal pricing and planning of urban expressway network. Two kinds of network are investigated ; four radials with one ring system and four radials with two rings system. The model is composed of three submodels ; road systell, trip generation-attraction and traffic diversion. Some iaplicative aspects are shown of the optimal solutions that maximize the aggregate number of the trips diverted to expressway under constraints ; equilibrium of revenue and expenditure and traffic capacity constraint. (1) traffic flow has the peaks at junctions on radial expressway that are adjusted to be equal to the traffic capacity. (2) two rings system realizes the larger aggregate number of diverted trips by lower toll rate than one ring system does. (3) well-located second ring has a remarkable effect on improvement in accessibility to expressway and (4) some parameters in the model have curious effects on the optimal system. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MyojinSho kn-aut-sei=Myojin kn-aut-mei=Sho aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMasahito kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Masahito aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiiNaoto kn-aut-sei=Fujii kn-aut-mei=Naoto aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=ONRON Co., Ltd. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=89 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19901214 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The Structure of Interregional Migration in Japanese Regions : An Application of Multidimensional Scaling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Multidimensional scaling (MDS) has been used in a wide variety of research fields; psychology, political science, anthropology, marketing research, urban and regional planning, and so on. In practical terms, MDS is a statistical method to make a picture of the information in the data. It enables us to examine the "hidden structure" of a set of data. When the set of data is large, MDS is extremely useful, since it is easier and more informative to look at a picture than the data themselves. In this paper, MDS is applied to the interregional migration data of Japanese regions for the years 1960-85. Findings show that the two-dimensional configuration of regions estimated by MDS generally corresponds with the geographical locations of regions, and the structure of interregional migration was very stable over the study years 1960-85. It is also suggested that MDS is a useful tool to identify the relationships between regions using the spatial interaction data. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeHirofumi en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Hirofumi kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”GŽj kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=GŽj aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=OishiManabu kn-aut-sei=Oishi kn-aut-mei=Manabu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Japan Freight Railway Company END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=47 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Control of Microscopic Superconducting Channel by the Proximity Effect en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A possibility to control the microscopic superconducting channel based on the proximity effect is theoretically shown by a simple one-dimensional analysis of de Gennes' equation for the order parameter. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Elecrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=49 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Characteristics of Errors in Open and Closed Trilateration Nets en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Distance measurements have been more and more easy and accurate to carry out, and it is expected that distance mesurements may provide rather accurate results than angle measurements. Under these circumstances, caracteritics of errors in typical trilateration nets are investigated. The nets investigated are as follows: From single row of chains to pranimetrically extended nets in figure, open and closed networks with respect to external constraint, and with and without as to internal constraint. Computations are performed by use of the method of condition equations, and behaviours of error propagation and errors of coordinates of stations in the nets are shown in case of typical nets. For example, effects for decrease in error by composing a double row of chains and by enforcing external constraints are explained. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MoriChuji en-aut-sei=Mori en-aut-mei=Chuji kn-aut-name=X’‰ŽŸ kn-aut-sei=X kn-aut-mei=’‰ŽŸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MachidaKen-ichi kn-aut-sei=Machida kn-aut-mei=Ken-ichi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Sagae Technical High School END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=79 end-page=87 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mean Time Between Failure of Ring Arbiter with Requests Differing in Incidences en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In asynchronous arbiters, failures may happen, caused by metastable operations. The purpose of this study is to derive a formula to estimate such failures in a ring arbiter as mean time between failures (MTBF), under the condition that incidences of requests issued in all devices are different from each other. The operation of the arbiter is formularized by a markov chain. This chain is used to decide the probability at which each of possible failures contributes to MTBF. The sum of such probabilities gives the MTBF which can be represented as a sum of a finite number of terms. As an example, MTBF of a ring arbiter composed of 3 cells is shown. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SatoYoichiro en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Yoichiro kn-aut-name=²“¡—mˆê˜Y kn-aut-sei=²“¡ kn-aut-mei=—mˆê˜Y aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=15 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=X-ray Topographs of Strain Field Induced by Locally Ion-Plated Films on Si Substrates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Strains induced in the Si substrates by TiN film were observed with X-ray topography. The image of the sample with TiN film 0.45ƒÊm thick was like that of a dislocation loop observed with transmission electron microscope. The images of the samples with TiN films 1.65, and 1.9ƒÊm thick were different; blackening spreaded in the <112> and <110> direction from the ring contrast in shape of four-lobed rosette pattern. Spreading extended 1.6 times longer than the radius of the ring contrast along the <112> direction. The strain field extended 0.1ƒÊm in depth from the top surface where TiN was plated. From the topographs of bent Si beam, it was found that the blackness was almost proportional to the strain. The strains induced by TiN film locally ion-plated were smaller than those observed previously when TiN was ion-plated on the whole top surface of the substrate. Fine structures were observed in the topographs which could not be explained by the kinematical theory. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MikuniMasato en-aut-sei=Mikuni en-aut-mei=Masato kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HidaMoritaka en-aut-sei=Hida en-aut-mei=Moritaka kn-aut-name=”ò“cŽçF kn-aut-sei=”ò“c kn-aut-mei=ŽçF aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=NishidaNorihide en-aut-sei=Nishida en-aut-mei=Norihide kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamadaMasuo en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Masuo kn-aut-name=ŽR“c‰v’j kn-aut-sei=ŽR“c kn-aut-mei=‰v’j aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Industrial Technical Center of Okayama Prefecture affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=17 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fatigue Strength of Age-Hardened Al-Zn Alloys under Repeated Tensile Loading en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effect of the soft surface layer that was formed on low temperature aging of Al-Zn alloy on fatigue strength was studied under repeated tensile loading. Vickers microhardness test revealed that there existed less hardened region in the vicinity of grain boundary and surface, and that the region extends 50 to 100ƒÊm from the surface inward. From the plot of the stress amplitude against the number of cycles to failure, it is concluded that the presence of less hardened surface layer strengthens fatigue resistance of the age hardened Al-Zn alloys containing 8 to 16mass % Zn under the repeated tensile loading. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KaneedaToshiaki en-aut-sei=Kaneeda en-aut-mei=Toshiaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaNorio en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=24 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=99 end-page=112 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1990 dt-pub=19900329 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Parallel Skyline Method using Two Dimensional Array en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper presents an effective solver for a large sparse set of linear algebraic equations, which appears at the application of the finite element and the finite difference methods in engineering field. Proposed method is a family of SKYLINE METHOD, and for faster computation on the vector processors the original skyline is modified with respect to following three items; the use of inner products of matrix operations, the removal of unnecessary numerical operations and the introduction of two-dimensional array for storing the data of coefficient matrix. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒûŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒû kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiwaraKohji kn-aut-sei=Fujiwara kn-aut-mei=Kohji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=69 end-page=80 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Basic Study on Nonlinear Sound Propagation by Finite Element Simulation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A finite element approach to the calculation of nonlinear sound propagation is proposed. Under the assumption of a weak nonlinearity, a linearized one-dimensional equation is considered. The equation is discretized in space, and is then solved for time by using Newmark-ƒÀ integration scheme, in which a numerical damping is devised. Some numerical demonstrations are made for the nonlinear sound propagation of a single-shot pulse in air. It is shown that the shock wave propagation is stably and accurately simulated by the introduction of the numerical damping. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TsuchiyaTakao kn-aut-sei=Tsuchiya kn-aut-mei=Takao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaYukio en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Yukio kn-aut-name=‰ÁìK—Y kn-aut-sei=‰Áì kn-aut-mei=K—Y aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=81 end-page=93 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Superconducting Microstructures: Formulation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Numerical methods for the analysis of the proximity effect in superconducting microstructures in the dirty limit are formulated on the basis of the finite element method. One- and two-dimensional cases are considered and third order Hermite shape functions are used. The results are also applicable to investigations of electronic states in semiconductor superlattice structures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=95 end-page=113 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Analysis of Superconducting Microstructures: Critical Temperature of Two-Dimensional Structures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Critical temperatures of two-dimensional microstructures with superconducting proximity effect in the dirty limit are evaluated for various geometrical constructions. As a numerical method, the finite element method is applied. Guidelines in estimating critical temperatures are given for the case where the decay of superconducting order parameter is either sufficiently slow or fast in comparison with the scale length of the structure. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IshikuraSatoshi kn-aut-sei=Ishikura kn-aut-mei=Satoshi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakayamaNorihisa kn-aut-sei=Takayama kn-aut-mei=Norihisa aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=115 end-page=122 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Nested Dissection Method on Transputer en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Nested dissection method is an elimination method for a set of linear algebraic equations with minimum fillins. Physically it divides a domain into four subdomains, and each subdomain is again divided into four. This procedure is repeated till all nodes are included in some subdomains. Using this characteristic, the authors examine the efficiency of the method on the transputer. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name=’JŒûŒ’’j kn-aut-sei=’JŒû kn-aut-mei=Œ’’j aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=IrieHirotsugu kn-aut-sei=Irie kn-aut-mei=Hirotsugu aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=25 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=123 end-page=133 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1991 dt-pub=19910328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Mesh Generation for Convex 3-Dimensional Domain en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The aim of this investigation is the proposal of 3D mesh generation method based on the Delaunay triangulation. The method is valid for the finite element modelling of any convex 3D domain into tetrahedra with optimum geometrical configuration. This paper includes the mathematical background of the mesh generation method, its detail, proposal of some efficient tools for faster and more rigorous computations, and some examples of the mesh generation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TaniguchiTakeo en-aut-sei=Taniguchi en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtaChikashi en-aut-sei=Ohta en-aut-mei=Chikashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Engineering Science affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=27 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Experimental Conditions for Observation of ThermodynamicInstability and Critical Point of Fine Particle (Dusty) Plasmas en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=When the Coulomb coupling between fine particles becomes sufficiently strong in fine particle plasmas, the isothermal compressibility of the whole system diverges and we have a phase separation and an associated critical point. Experimental conditions of fine particle plasmas, densities and temperatures of components and the fine particle size, are obtained corresponding to characteristic parameters around the critical point and the dependency on ion species and other factors is discussed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=61 end-page=74 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Human Interface Technology for Operation Support of LargeSized Crane en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this research, a Human Interface system is designed intended to mobile crane. The intervention of human is unavoidable to attain the high performance of electro mechanical system. As is known, crane operation is complicated. Recently, the decrease of expert person induced crane accident. So in near future, it is required a partial automation of crane operation and human support technology. We are aiming at the development of the operation support system for a crane. In this research, development of the hydro mechanical models representing both of static and dynamics movements are made. Further, actual experimental data of operating mobile crane, which are electrical signal data and three-dimension (3D) position of moving load is measured. The actual operating data are compared with the model and it is found that the developed electromechanical model can explain the behaviors of actual data. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawamuraMao en-aut-sei=Kawamura en-aut-mei=Mao kn-aut-name=쑺^‰› kn-aut-sei=쑺 kn-aut-mei=^‰› aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KonishiMasami en-aut-sei=Konishi en-aut-mei=Masami kn-aut-name=¬¼³çZ kn-aut-sei=¬¼ kn-aut-mei=³çZ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamagataKatuki en-aut-sei=Yamagata en-aut-mei=Katuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimomuraKoichi en-aut-sei=Shimomura en-aut-mei=Koichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division of Industrial Innovation Science The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobelco Cranes co., Ltd affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobelco Cranes co., Ltd END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=93 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Predictor Order and Error Distribution of MMAE Predictors for Lossless Image Coding en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper investigates the relation between error distribution and predictive order of minimum mean abusolute error predictors (MMAE predictors) designed for lossless coding of grayscale images. Design of MMAE predictors reduces to the linear programming problem. Let k be the number of coefficients in a predictor (predictor order), we imagine that predictor order k may have a distribution shaping effect. Main purpose of this paper is to ensure that k has such an effect. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UenoHirokazu en-aut-sei=Ueno en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MorikawaYoshitaka en-aut-sei=Morikawa en-aut-mei=Yoshitaka kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=6 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19941130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Scribing of Ceramie Circuit Board with Q-Switched NdFYAG Laser en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Scribing of copper coated alumina ceramic board with Q-switched YAG laser used for the maskless direct patterning of circuit@board is experimentally investigated, which leads to efficient production of trial circuit board. Better dividing of alumina circuit board 655ƒÊm in thickness can be attained by the scribing of about 100ƒÊm depth. Higher repetition frequency of laser irradiation leads to smaller notch angle and lower breaking load. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UnoYoshiyuki en-aut-sei=Uno en-aut-mei=Yoshiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KubotaShin-ichiro en-aut-sei=Kubota en-aut-mei=Shin-ichiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=YokomizoSeiichi en-aut-sei=Yokomizo en-aut-mei=Seiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=OgataKojiro en-aut-sei=Ogata en-aut-mei=Kojiro kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TadaNobuhiko en-aut-sei=Tada en-aut-mei=Nobuhiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Industrial Technology Center of Okayama Prefecture affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Industrial Technology Center of Okayama Prefecture affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19941130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Study on Water Quality of Surface Runoff and Groundwater Runoff on the Basis of Separation by a Numerical Filter en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this study we investigated the water quality of surface runoff and groundwater runoff from the basins of the Yodo River and the Asahi River based on that separated by a numerical filter. The water quality of the surface runoff is greatly different from the groundwater runoff. The tendency of concentration change in accordance with river discharges is different from each other. The water qtiality of groundwater runoff changes with river discharges clockwise in many cases. The differences of COD and SS originating from those of population and industrial activities in each basin are found in the lower SS concentrations of the surface runoff and the COD cencentrations of the groundwater runoff. The nutrients and chlorine ion were investigated, too. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KawaraOsami en-aut-sei=Kawara en-aut-mei=Osami kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FukumotoKohji kn-aut-sei=Fukumoto kn-aut-mei=Kohji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Tottori Prefectural Office END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=53 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Plant Layout Method Considering Material Handling Cost and Maintainability en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper presents a method using simulated annealing(SA) and genetic algorithm(GA) to solve the plant layout problem in which the layout is evaluated by material handling cost and maintainability. In the former study about facility layout problem, it was either the minimization of the objeective function consisting of transport cost or the maximization of the objective function consisting of closeness rating. In this paper, both transport cost and maintainability were included in the objective function to be minimized. The plant layout problem, this paper proposes the heuristic procedures to obtain a suboptimal layout solution by combining SA with GA. From the simulation by computer, it concluded that the method which SA is combined with GA is more efficient than the method which utilizes SA and GA independently. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiharaYutaka kn-aut-sei=Fujihara kn-aut-mei=Yutaka aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Matsue National College of Technology, Department of Control Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of System Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=65 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method of Shape Recognition Using Geometry Information en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=At present, the two dimensional CAD systems which are used to make drawings go around widely. But in order to use design data at the lower stream of production process, the replacement from the two dimensional CAD systems to the three dimensional CAD systems have started. Accordingly it is dimensional drawings for the three dimensional shapes. And it is also necessary to store them in the three dimensional CAD systems. And in the studying of the machine vision which is often used as "Eyes of robot" , it is being studied the method to recognize the three dimensional objects from the two dimensional image. This is the problem about data exchange, too. Therefore in this report, we propose the method to exchange the plural two dimensional elements of figure from image relations between elements were found from reference of the element coordinates. Next, the three dimensional shapes were reasoned from reference of the knowledge (for corner, etc) prepared beforehand. Then that data were exchanged to the three dimensional CAD data. We report one example about this method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=YamadaMitsuru kn-aut-sei=Yamada kn-aut-mei=Mitsuru aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Industrial Technology Center of Okayama Prefecture affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=67 end-page=72 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1997 dt-pub=19970328 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Price Determination Method Based on Price Elasticity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose the price determination method using the parameter of the price elasticity that shows the relation between price and demand. Firstly, the state of the price elasticity is examined under the condition that the relation between price and demand are assumed by the inverse proportional function, the linear function and the quadratic function. Secondly, the profit is estimated for each product by break even point analysis. And the price is determined under the condition that the relation between the demand and price is shown by one of three@demand-pridce functions above mentioned. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=LiZhenzi kn-aut-sei=Li kn-aut-mei=Zhenzi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KajiharaYasuhiro en-aut-sei=Kajihara en-aut-mei=Yasuhiro kn-aut-name=ŠŒ´N”Ž kn-aut-sei=ŠŒ´ kn-aut-mei=N”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Effect of Solute Clusters on Low Temperature Aging in Dilute Al-Ag Alloys en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Aging of diolute Al-Ag alloys after quenching from low temperatures were studied mainly by electrical resistometry. Maximum resistivity observed in the aging curve of specimens quenched from high temeperature disappeared when the quenching temperature was lowered to 473 or 453K. When the quenching temperature was lowered further to 423K or lower, however, maximum resistivity reappeared. At the temperature lower than or equal to 423K but higher than the GP zone solvus, the alloys were not homogeneous but had clusters of solute atoms or fluctuation of solute concentration. Inhomogeneous distribution of solute atoms may affect the aging behavior after quenching from that temperature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Eengineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rigid-Plastic Deformation of Inhomogeneous Material with Elliptic Inclusions Sliding along Boundary en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The influence of the slip between the inclusion and the matrix during the plastic deformation of inhomogeneous material with elliptic inclusions is investigated. The material is assumed to be rigid-plastic. The boundary slip region is modeled by assuming lower yield stress for the thin boundary region than those of the inclusion and the matrix. The rigid-plastic finite element method is used for the numerical calculation under the plane strain condition. The effects of the aspect ratio of the inclusion, the yield stress of the boundary region, and the volume fraction of the inclusion on the deformation mode are studied. The patterns of the strain concentration and the averaged flow stress of the inhomogeneous material are also discussed. The results may be helpful for understanding creep or superplastic deformation of metals with inclusions. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name=ˆ¢•”•Ž¡ kn-aut-sei=ˆ¢•” kn-aut-mei=•Ž¡ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NamikoshiRyuji kn-aut-sei=Namikoshi kn-aut-mei=Ryuji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=NagayamaNoriyuki kn-aut-sei=Nagayama kn-aut-mei=Noriyuki aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TakanoYasuju kn-aut-sei=Takano kn-aut-mei=Yasuju aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering and Cooperative Research Center, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Shikoku Instrumentation Co., Ltd. affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Industrial Technology Center of Okayama Prefecture affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Kobe Steel, Ltd. en-keyword=Plasticity kn-keyword=Plasticity en-keyword=Composite Material kn-keyword=Composite Material en-keyword=Sliding Inclusions kn-keyword=Sliding Inclusions en-keyword=Rigid-Plastic Deformation kn-keyword=Rigid-Plastic Deformation en-keyword=Finite Element Method kn-keyword=Finite Element Method END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=59 end-page=64 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19981130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Facility Layout Linked with Scheduling Problem by Genetic Algorithm and Tabu Search en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this paper, we propose a method to solve simultaneously facility layout problem and scheduling problem. About a initial random layout planning, the production scheduling and the transportation scheduling of AGV are obtained by using priority rules. From the obtained transportation scheduling, the critical transportation and the closeness rating are obtained. Facility layout is renewed by the combined procedure of genetic algorithm and tabu search in order to reduce the material handling cost. By using this renewed facility layout, the production scheduling and the transportation scheduling of AGV are also revised until no further improvement is possible. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=FujiharaYutaka kn-aut-sei=Fujihara kn-aut-mei=Yutaka aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Matsue National College of Technology, Department of Control Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=3 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19961227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Precipitation Hardening and Effect of Surface Layer on the Fatigue Strength of an Al-1.2mass% Si Alloy en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Dependence of precipitation hardening on the distance from specimen surface and effect of the surface layer on the fatigue strength of an Al-1.2mass% Si alloy were studied by microhardness test, transmission electron microscopy and repeated tension fatigue test. Rate of age-hardening was slower in the vicinity of surface than in the interior of the specimen aged at 423K after quenching from 853K. The result of the electron microscopy was that the size ot Si precipitates formed in the vicinity of surface was smaller than in the interior of specimen aged for 6ks at 423K. This difference was considered to be caused by the effect of the surface as vacancy sinks which slowed down the growh of Si precipitates in the vicinity of the specimen surface. A specimen surface layer whose hardness was different from that of the specimen interior was formed at the vicinity of the surface when the specimen was aged at relatively low temperature such as 423K. The fatigue strength in repeated tensile test ot the specimen did not depend on whether the specimen surface layer was present or not. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name=匴¸ kn-aut-sei=匴 kn-aut-mei=¸ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakagawaKeiyu en-aut-sei=Nakagawa en-aut-mei=Keiyu kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HosokawaNorio en-aut-sei=Hosokawa en-aut-mei=Norio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=7 end-page=14 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980420 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Comparative Considerations of Eliminating Method for Power Line Interference in Electrocardiography en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper describes a new measurment method and principle of power line interference elimination in ECG signal using inverse loop and AC power line configuration (APC). First, we considered that magnetic induction effect not only depend on a conductive loop area that formed by shielded wires that connect the object and amplifier but also effect of body area effective must be considered. It is simple and useful because interference can be eliminated to very small value show that the condition and it can be applied in a real ECG signal recording. Second, results show that the contribution of displacement currents into the object especially APC in vertical configuration is smaller than it in other one. Because this method is so easy that it is convenient to be used to understand some aspects of power line interference elimination phenomenon. Hence we expect that this method can be used as one of improvement method in measurement system of ECG signal recording. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Adli kn-aut-sei=Adli kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=YamamotoYoshitake en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Yoshitake kn-aut-name=ŽR–{®• kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=®• aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department ot Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=23 end-page=41 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980420 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure of Yukawa (Dusty Plasma) Mixtures en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Parameters characterizing the structure ot confined Yukawa system are estimated for 'dusty plasmas', clouds of charged macroscopic particles formed near the boundary between plasma and the sheath and leviated by negatively biased electrode. When we have dust particles with different ratios of charge to mass, they form a two-dimensional Yukawa mixture or separate two-dimensional one-companent Yukawa systems, depending on the charge density in the sheath and number density of dust particles. In order to provide a basis for numerical simulations on Yukawa mixtures including Coulombic case, we summarize mathematical expressions necessary for molecular dynamics. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiHiroo en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Hiroo kn-aut-name=“Œ’Ò_•v kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=_•v aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KishimotoTokunari en-aut-sei=Kishimoto en-aut-mei=Tokunari kn-aut-name=ŠÝ–{“Ä–ç kn-aut-sei=ŠÝ–{ kn-aut-mei=“Ä–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=32 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=43 end-page=54 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1998 dt-pub=19980420 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Numerical Analysis of a Model for Isolated Hydrogen Bond en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Large isotope effects have been observed in various kinds of hydrogen bonded ferro / antiferroelectrics. In clariflying their origin, themodynamic properties of the hydrogen bond are of essential importance. Two numerical methods are applied to analyze the model for isolated hydrogen bond at finite temperatures and the results of excited energy levels of proton or deuteron are examined. It is found that the second excited state is not far enough from the first excited state to be neglected discussing themodynamic properties of hydrogen especially in their ordered states. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MatsubaraTakeo kn-aut-sei=Matsubara kn-aut-mei=Takeo aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Institute for Condensed Matter Theory END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=9 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Rarefied Gas Flow Over a Solid Surface with Adsorbates en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The molecular dynamics study is applied for interaction of the gas molecule with the solid wall to analyse the flow of a rarefied gas between two wall. The wall consisting of Pt molecules is considered to be in a state of physical adsorbates. Two problems are considered : one is the flow problem and the other is the temperature problem. It is found that the tangential momentum accommodation coefficient is about 0.8 when the relative speed ratio of the two walls is unity, while it decreases with increasing Knudsen number when the relative wall speed ratio is 5.0. It shown that the temperature accommodation coefficient is about 0.85 at 300K wall, 0.75 at 450K wall, and 0.69 at 600K wall. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kyoji kn-aut-name=ŽR–{‹±“ñ kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=‹±“ñ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=19 end-page=24 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Small Type Hydrocyclone with a Perforated Inner Cylinder en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A new type of hydrocyclone with a perforated inner cylinder is tested experimentally to study its performance for liquid-solid separation. The size of the cyclone is small so that it may be effective for small particle separation. Two types of the inner cylinder were made : the one has 39.5% void fraction of the perforated surface and the other has 73.5% . The mean particle diameter is 4.5 ƒÊ m. It is found that the pressure loss of the cyclone with the inner cylinder is reduced by about 25% compared with that of the ordinary type. The new type cyclone has better separation efficiency. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamamotoKyoji en-aut-sei=Yamamoto en-aut-mei=Kyoji kn-aut-name=ŽR–{‹±“ñ kn-aut-sei=ŽR–{ kn-aut-mei=‹±“ñ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=JiaoXuecheng kn-aut-sei=Jiao kn-aut-mei=Xuecheng aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=JiaoXuezhen kn-aut-sei=Jiao kn-aut-mei=Xuezhen aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=lnstitute of Harbin Architectural and Civil Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=37 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Numerical Study on the Performance of an Open-type Flat-plate Solar Collector en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A set mathematical models was developed for predicting the performance of an open-type flat-plate solar collector, and solved numerically through an implicit difference method. The effects of various parameters on the absorption of solar energy for the collector were investigated. The results showed that the solar energy absorptance of the open-type flat-plate collector was relatively high especially for the region where the weather was humid and hot, and there were an optimum length and an optimum tilt angle for the absorbing plate on which the collector could obtain the highest solar energy absorptance. It was found that the latent heat flux of water evaporation could be 5 to 15 times larger than the sensible heat flux. The effects of the magnitude of the solar incident flux, the atmospheric humidity, the atmospheric temperature, the absorbing plate tilt angle, and water film thickness on the temperature rising of the water film were clarified in numerical quantities. The increase of the solar incident flux, the atmospheric humidity or the atmospheric temperature also resulted in a rise in the energy absorptance of the collector. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SongBaoyin kn-aut-sei=Song kn-aut-mei=Baoyin aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=InabaHideo en-aut-sei=Inaba en-aut-mei=Hideo kn-aut-name=ˆî—t‰p’j kn-aut-sei=ˆî—t kn-aut-mei=‰p’j aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HoribeAkihiko en-aut-sei=Horibe en-aut-mei=Akihiko kn-aut-name=–x•”–¾•F kn-aut-sei=–x•” kn-aut-mei=–¾•F aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Mechanical Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=85 end-page=89 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=A Method of Shape Recognition Using CAD Data and Vertex-Dictionary en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We reason the circumstances around the three-dimensional vertex from the information about the intersection point in the two-dimensional image data inputted from a camera on the premise that we use this method as the eye ot the robot. In this method, we use the Vertex-Dictionary. We make the Vertex-Dictionary by calculation from CAD data of object figure (these data are already known) and the position data of the point of view. This dictionary includes the data of position and relations of connect surface etc. about a vertex. We get the data of three-dimensional vertex by comparison the data of two-dimensional intersection point in image data and Vertex-Dictionary. And we get the three-dimensional object by reasoning about the information of circumstances of all vertexes. Then we can recognize the three-dimensional object from image data. In this report, we explain the process to calculate the Vertex-Dictionary and some examples about this method. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamadaMitsuru en-aut-sei=Yamada en-aut-mei=Mitsuru kn-aut-name=ŽR“c[ kn-aut-sei=ŽR“c kn-aut-mei=[ aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Systems Engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=33 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=105 end-page=110 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1999 dt-pub=19990427 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=An Analytical Method of Human Motion by Image Processing en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper deals with analytical method of human motion by image processing to make a model of the scooping process, Firstly, the scooping tool is the spoon, and while the scooping process is performing, the movement of the mouth center position and the spoon top position are measured by two cameras. As the amount of substance is over the uppermost area of the cup, the spoon is stuck obliquely into substance. Then the spoon is rotated and lifted up to the mouth. Secondly, we recognize the mouth center from the characteristic of the face image data and calculate the spoon top position to extract two points on the spoon handle from the time series images by two cameras. Finally, we describe the method of recognizing the coordinate of the mouth center and estimating the coordinate of the spoon top to analyse the scooping process. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TokunagaShuichi kn-aut-sei=Tokunaga kn-aut-mei=Shuichi aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=OsakiHirokazu en-aut-sei=Osaki en-aut-mei=Hirokazu kn-aut-name=‘åèhˆê kn-aut-sei=‘åè kn-aut-mei=hˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Takuma National College of Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of system engineering END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=39 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=16 end-page=20 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2005 dt-pub=200501 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Immobilization of Photoelectric Dye on the Polyethylene FilmSurface en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=PE film was treated with fuming nitric acid at 80Ž for 20 min, resulting in introduction of COOH moieties on the film surface. The COOHfs were reacted with ethylenediamine, whose amino groups were used for linking with (2-[4-(dibutylamino)phenyl]ethenyl)-3-carboxy-methylbenzo-thiazolium, photoelectric dye (NK-5962), which absorbs visible light and converts the photon energy to electric potentials. The dye molecules were immobilized on the PE film surface and they were able to stimulate chick retinal tissues on incidence of visible light. These facts hopefully lead to development of an artificial retinal prosthesis. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“à“c“N–ç kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=“N–ç aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshimaruSanae en-aut-sei=Ishimaru en-aut-mei=Sanae kn-aut-name=Ίۑ•c kn-aut-sei=ÎŠÛ kn-aut-mei=‘•c aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimamuraKaoru en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=“‡‘ºŒO kn-aut-sei=“‡‘º kn-aut-mei=ŒO aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=UjiAkihito en-aut-sei=Uji en-aut-mei=Akihito kn-aut-name=‰FŽ¡Íl kn-aut-sei=‰FŽ¡ kn-aut-mei=Íl aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsuoToshihiko en-aut-sei=Matsuo en-aut-mei=Toshihiko kn-aut-name=¼”ör•F kn-aut-sei=¼”ö kn-aut-mei=r•F aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhtsukiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Ohtsuki en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name=‘匎—m kn-aut-sei=‘匎 kn-aut-mei=—m aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil= affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=13 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Unified Computation of Strict Maximum Likelihood for Geometric Fitting en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A new numerical scheme is presented for computing strict maximum likelihood (ML) of geometric fitting problems having an implicit constraint. Our approach is orthogonal projection of observations onto a parameterized surface defined by the constraint. Assuming a linearly separable nonlinear constraint, we show that a theoretically global solution can be obtained by iterative Sampson error minimization. Our approach is illustrated by ellipse fitting and fundamental matrix computation. Our method also encompasses optimal correction, computing, e.g., perpendiculars to an ellipse and triangulating stereo images. A detailed discussion is given to technical and practical issues about our approach. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki kn-aut-sei=Sugaya kn-aut-mei=Yasuyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=24 end-page=31 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Improved Multistage Learning for Multibody Motion Segmentation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present an improved version of the MSL method of Sugaya and Kanatani for multibody motion segmentation. We replace their initial segmentation based on heuristic clustering by an analytical computation based on GPCA, fitting two 2-D affine spaces in 3-D by the Taubin method. This initial segmentation alone can segment most of the motions in natural scenes fairly correctly, and the result is successively optimized by the EM algorithm in 3-D, 5-D, and 7-D. Using simulated and real videos, we demonstrate that our method outperforms the previous MSL and other existing methods. We also illustrate its mechanism by our visualization technique. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki kn-aut-sei=Sugaya kn-aut-mei=Yasuyuki aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=44 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=42 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2010 dt-pub=201001 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Hyperaccurate Ellipse Fitting without Iterations en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=This paper presents a new method for fitting an ellipse to a point sequence extracted from images. It is widely known that the best fit is obtained by maximum likelihood. However, it requires iterations, which may not converge in the presence of large noise. Our approach is algebraic distance minimization; no iterations are required. Exploiting the fact that the solution depends on the way the scale is normalized, we analyze the accuracy to high order error terms with the scale normalization weight unspecified and determine it so that the bias is zero up to the second order. We demonstrate by experiments that our method is superior to the Taubin method, also algebraic and known to be highly accurate. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=‹à’JŒ’ˆê kn-aut-sei=‹à’J kn-aut-mei=Œ’ˆê aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=RangrajanPrasanna kn-aut-sei=Rangrajan kn-aut-mei=Prasanna aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical Engineering Southern Methodist University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=29 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=22 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1994 dt-pub=19941130 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Note on the Electronic Structure of C(60) Molecule en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A molecular orbital approach to the electronic structure of C(60) molecule is formulated on the basis of optimized bond orbital model and the stability of the truncated icosahedron structure is examined. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=TotsujiChieko en-aut-sei=Totsuji en-aut-mei=Chieko kn-aut-name=“Œ’ÒçŽ}Žq kn-aut-sei=“Œ’Ò kn-aut-mei=çŽ}Žq aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaraTakeo en-aut-sei=Matsubara en-aut-mei=Takeo kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ObuchiMasumi en-aut-sei=Obuchi en-aut-mei=Masumi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=29 end-page=34 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis of Poly(ethylene-block-vinylalcohol)for Use as Amphiphilic Film Surface at High Temperature en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Poly (ethylene-block-vinyl alcohol), which consisted of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks, was prepared by using polyethylene single crystals as starting material. Polyethylene single crystals reacted with fuming nitric acid resulting in long methylene chains with functional groups such as COOH and NO(2) at the ends (the chain length were almost same as the lamellar thickness of polyethylene single crystal). The functionalized methylene chains were allowed to react with 4-aminostyrene to give corresponding amides, i.e., methylene chains with vinyl groups at the ends (macromer). The macromers were extended by block-copolymerization with vinyl acetate, then saponified resulting in PE/PVA block co-polymer. The block copolymer was molded into sheets which were subsequently heat-treated in contact with hydrophilic or hydrophobic media. Depending on the media, the sheet surface changed at high temperature reversibly from hydrophilic to hydrophobic and vice versa. The surface property was fixed by quenching because both blocks were able to crystallize. Thus the surface of this material can be tailored for various purposes at high temperature, and then used in stable at room temperature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimamuraKaoru en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=“‡‘ºŒO kn-aut-sei=“‡‘º kn-aut-mei=ŒO aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=MunesawaYuhji kn-aut-sei=Munesawa kn-aut-mei=Yuhji aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“à“c“N–ç kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=“N–ç aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=35 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=35 end-page=40 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=20010327 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Scanning Probe Microscopy of Poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) Lamellar Crystal en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rigid polymer, poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole), formed lamellar crystals where the molecular chains were oriented perpendicular to the lamellae. It was supposed that, because of wide distribution in the chain length, the lamellar surface bristled with the chain cilia among which many voids were included. Crystallographically, this region afforded us a transitional structure from full to deficient packings of chains. The structure was analyzed using the scanning probe microscope. In the course the method for imaging one molecular chain end was developed. From the images it was concluded that an isolated long cilius did not move so violently at room temperature. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimamuraKaoru en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=“‡‘ºŒO kn-aut-sei=“‡‘º kn-aut-mei=ŒO aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“à“c“N–ç kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=“N–ç aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=InoueTomohiro en-aut-sei=Inoue en-aut-mei=Tomohiro kn-aut-name=ˆäã’q”Ž kn-aut-sei=ˆäã kn-aut-mei=’q”Ž aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=10 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19961227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Solution-Grown Crystals of Poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Rigid polymer poly(p-phenylene benzobisthiazole) was crystallized from dilute solution. Electron microscopy showed that upon quenching, flat fibrils with several nm thick were produced. Subsequent heat treatment in solvent changed the fibril into "shish-kebab". On the other hand, by isothermal crystallization, an aggregate of parallel rod-like crystals was obtained. The molecular chains were accommodated normal to the rod. Based on the observation of crystal morphology, the isothermal crystallization mechanism was proposed. Because of regidity of polymer chains and wide distribution of the molecular length, the chain ends were inevitably included within the crystals resulting in crystal defects such as axial shift, lattice curvature and edge dislocation which were directly observed by lattice imaging. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimamuraKaoru en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=“‡‘ºŒO kn-aut-sei=“‡‘º kn-aut-mei=ŒO aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ZhangChunxiao kn-aut-sei=Zhang kn-aut-mei=Chunxiao aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“à“c“N–ç kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=“N–ç aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=31 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=11 end-page=17 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=1996 dt-pub=19961227 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Synthesis and Characterization of Poly[(benzo[1,2-d:5,4-d']bisthiazole-2,6-diyl)-1,4-phenylene] en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Poly[(benzo[1,2-d:5,4-d']bissthiazole-2,6-diyl)-1,4-phenylene](cis-PBZT)with a relatively high molecular weight was prepared by a new synthesis route. Properties of the synthesized polymer, such as thermostability, liquid crystallinity etc. were investigated and compared with those of trans-PBZT. cis-PBZT was crystallized from dilute solution and the electron microscopy showed that the precipitate was a rod-like crystal similar to that of trans form. In spite of rigid nature of the back bone, cis-PBZT showed poor crystallinity. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=ZhangChunxiao kn-aut-sei=Zhang kn-aut-mei=Chunxiao aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=TanigawaSatoshi kn-aut-sei=Tanigawa kn-aut-mei=Satoshi aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=UchidaTetsuya en-aut-sei=Uchida en-aut-mei=Tetsuya kn-aut-name=“à“c“N–ç kn-aut-sei=“à“c kn-aut-mei=“N–ç aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimamuraKaoru en-aut-sei=Shimamura en-aut-mei=Kaoru kn-aut-name=“‡‘ºŒO kn-aut-sei=“‡‘º kn-aut-mei=ŒO aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Applied Chemistry END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=41 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=93 end-page=98 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2007 dt-pub=200701 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Structure, Morphology and Color Tone Properties of theNeodymium Substituted Hematite en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Co-precipitation method has been employed to fabricate neodymium substituted hematite with different compositions from the aqueous solution of their corresponding metal salts. Thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction studies revealed the coexistence of Fe(2)O(3) and Nd(2)O(3) phases up to 1050Ž and formation of solid solution phase among them at 1100Ž and above temperatures, which was evidenced by shifting of the XRD peaks. Unit cell parameters and the cell volumes of the samples were found to increase by adding Nd(3+) ions in the reaction process. FESEM studies showed the suppression of particle growth due to the presence of Nd(3+) ions. Spectroscopic measurement evidenced that neodymium substituted hematite exhibited brighter yellowish red color tone than that of pure ƒ¿-Fe(2)O(3). en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Tarequl IslamBhuiyan kn-aut-sei=Tarequl Islam kn-aut-mei=Bhuiyan aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=NakanishiMakoto en-aut-sei=Nakanishi en-aut-mei=Makoto kn-aut-name=’†¼^ kn-aut-sei=’†¼ kn-aut-mei=^ aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=FujiiTatsuo en-aut-sei=Fujii en-aut-mei=Tatsuo kn-aut-name=“¡ˆä’B¶ kn-aut-sei=“¡ˆä kn-aut-mei=’B¶ aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=TakadaJun en-aut-sei=Takada en-aut-mei=Jun kn-aut-name=‚“c kn-aut-sei=‚“c kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Applied Chemistry Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Applied Chemistry Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Applied Chemistry Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Applied Chemistry Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=cover / title page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University kn-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=contents / back cover en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name= en-aut-sei= en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University kn-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=cover / title page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=contents / back cover en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=cover / title page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=contents / back cover en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=cover / title page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2001 dt-pub=200112 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=contents / back cover en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=cover / title page en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=36 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page= end-page= dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200203 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=contents / back cover en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract= en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-sei=Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University en-aut-mei= kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil= END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=45 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=27 end-page=35 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2011 dt-pub=201101 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Bundle Adjustment for 3-D Reconstruction: Implementation and Evaluation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We describe in detail the algorithm of bundle adjustment for 3-D reconstruction from multiple images based on our latest research results. The main focus of this paper is on the handling of camera rotations and the efficiency of computation and memory usage when the number of variables is very large; an appropriate consideration of this is the core of the implementation of bundle adjustment. Computing the fundamental matrix from two views and reconstructing the 3-D structure from multiple views, we evaluate the performance of our algorithm and discuses technical issues of bundle adjustment implementation. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Computer Science Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=39 end-page=59 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Uncertainty Modeling and Geometric Inference en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We investigate the meaning of "statistical methods" for geometric inference based on image feature points. Tracing back the origin of feature uncertainty to image processing operations, we discuss the implications of asymptotic analysis in reference to "geometric fitting" and "geometric model selection", We point out that a correspondence exists between the standard statistical analysis and the geometric inference problem. We also compare the capability of the "geometric AIC" and the "geometric MDL' in detecting degeneracy. Next, we review recent progress in geometric fitting techniques for linear constraints, describing the "FNS method", the "HEIV method", the "renormalization method", and other related techniques. Finally, we discuss the "Neyman-Scott problem" and "semiparametric models" in relation to geometric inference. We conclude that applications of statistical methods requires careful considerations about the nature of the problem in question. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=71 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Factorization without Factorization: Complete Recipe en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=The Tomasi-Kanade factorization for reconstructing the 3-D shape of the feature points tracked through a video stream is widely regarded as based on factorization of a matrix by SVD (singular value decomposition). This paper points out that the core principle is the affine camera approximation to the imaging geometry and that SVD is merely one means of numerical computation. We first describe the geometric structure of the problem and then give a complete programming scheme for 3-D reconstruction. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=42 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=104 end-page=109 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2008 dt-pub=200801 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fatigue Crack Propagation Evaluated by Electric Resistance and Ultrasonics in Copper Film Bonded to Base Metal with Resin en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=As model specimens of surface film-bonded materials, pure copper films with a thickness of 100ƒÊm were bonded to the surface of steel base with epoxy resin, where the tensile residual stress was measured by an X-ray on the surface copper film. The distribution of initial electric resistance was measured on both copper film and base specimen by a direct current potential drop technique. As a result, there was a good agreement between the measured and theoretical values. From the fatigue testing results, it was shown that the measured electric resistance increased with the fatigue crack length on the copper film, which was almost equal to the theoretical value calculated for a central slit in a plate with finite width. This was probably because the fatigue crack was opened due to the tensile residual stress on the film even under unloading condition. In addition, the internal crack length during fatigue was examined by ultrasonic testing for the film-bonded specimen. As a result, there was a difference in the fatigue crack length between the surface copper film and the inner base. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=DonghuiMA en-aut-sei=Donghui en-aut-mei=MA kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriiTashiyuki en-aut-sei=Torii en-aut-mei=Tashiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuKenichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=MatsubaAkira en-aut-sei=Matsuba en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate student, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=40 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=8 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2006 dt-pub=200601 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior Bent from Precrack under Mixed-Mode Conditions - Noting the Crack-Surface Contact due to a Compressive Residual Stress along a Precrack - en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=A testing for bent fatigue crack propagation under mixed-mode conditions was carried out using fatigue and annealed slant precracks with different slant angles, ƒÀ ,defined as the angle between loading and precrack directions in a rectangular plate. As a result, bent fatigue crack from the fatigue precrack with ƒÀ =45deg. propagated under mixed-mode conditions with mode II stress intensity factor (K(II))(est) evaluated from the discontinuous displacement measured along the crack. On the other hand, bent fatigue crack from the fatigue precrack with ƒÀ =60deg. and from the annealed precracks with both slant angles of ƒÀ =60deg. and ƒÀ =45deg. propagated under the mode I behavior. This was because the compressive residual stress near the fatigue precrack caused contact to each other between the upper and the lower surfaces of the precrack with the smaller slant angle ƒÀ . Furthermore, the fatigue crack propagation rates indicated almost the same relationship for all the data, using the mixed-mode effective stress intensity factor (K(M))(est), calculated from the discontinuous displacement measured along the bent fatigue crack. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=MaYouLi en-aut-sei=Ma en-aut-mei=YouLi kn-aut-name=”n—L— kn-aut-sei=”n kn-aut-mei=—L— aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ShimizuKenichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name=´…Œ›ˆê kn-aut-sei=´… kn-aut-mei=Œ›ˆê aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriiTashiyuki en-aut-sei=Torii en-aut-mei=Tashiyuki kn-aut-name=’¹‹‘¾Žn”V kn-aut-sei=’¹‹ kn-aut-mei=‘¾Žn”V aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=43 cd-vols= no-issue= article-no= start-page=1 end-page=7 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2009 dt-pub=200901 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Crystal rotation behavior with fatigue crack propagation in copper films en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Using a fatigue testing method by which fatigue cracks can be initiated and propagated in a film adhered to cover an elliptical through-hole in a base plate subjected to push-pull cyclic loads, annealed copper films with the thickness of 100ƒÊm and those reduced the thickness from the 100ƒÊm to 50ƒÊm by an electro-polishing were fatigued under a constant stress amplitude with a stress ratio of zero. The crystal rotation behavior with the fatigue crack propagation was investigated by measuring the crystal orientation around the fatigue crack initiated from the notch root before and after fatigue testing, using EBSD (Electron Back-scatter Diffraction) method. Then, the change of crystal orientation with fatigue testing was evaluated quantitatively from the misorientation between the crystal orientation matrix on the same point obtained before and after fatigue testing. As a result, the angle of the crystal rotation obtained from the region showing the high fatigue crack propagation rate was larger than that obtained from the region showing the low fatigue crack propagation rate for the film with the thickness of 100ƒÊm, while the fatigue crack propagated faster in the film with the thickness of 50ƒÊm than that with the thickness of 100ƒÊm regardless of the small crystal rotation angles with the fatigue testing for the film with the thickness of 50ƒÊm. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=ShimizuKenichi en-aut-sei=Shimizu en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ToriiTashiyuki en-aut-sei=Torii en-aut-mei=Tashiyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=IshidaKoki en-aut-sei=Ishida en-aut-mei=Koki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Uchiyama Manufacturing Corp. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=73 end-page=89 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Combinatorial Boundary Tracking of a 3D Lattice Point Set en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Boundary tracking and surface generation are ones of main topological topics for three-dimensional digital image analysis. However, there is no adequate theory to make relations between these different topological properties in a completely discrete way. In this paper, we present a new boundary tracking algorithm which gives not only a set of border points but also the surface structures by using the concepts of combinatorial/algebraic topologies. We also show that our boundary becomes a triangulation of border points (in the sense of general topology), that is, we clarify relations between border points and their surface structures. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KenmochiYukiko en-aut-sei=Kenmochi en-aut-mei=Yukiko kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ImiyaAtsushi en-aut-sei=Imiya en-aut-mei=Atsushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=National Institute of Informatics Department of Informatics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=38 cd-vols= no-issue=1-2 article-no= start-page=97 end-page=100 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2004 dt-pub=200403 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=The cytotoxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. coreanensis A2316 strain against the human leukemic T cell en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. coreanensis A2316 is a newly isolated strain from Yonakunijima Island in Japan. It produces the proteinaceous inclusion body (crystal) which has no insecticidal and hemolytic activities. When the crystal proteins were digested by proteinase K, they exhibited the strong cytotoxicity against human leukemic T cell, MOLT-4. The proteinase K-digested A2316 crystal proteins have little damage upon the cell membrane of MOLT-4, suggesting that the cell death of MOLT-4 was induced through a mechanism other than the colloid-osmotic swelling and cell lysis as caused by hitherto known B. thuringiensis crystal proteins. The 29-kDa polypeptide proved to be an active component of the proteinase K-digested A2316 crystal proteins. EC(50) of the purified 29-kDa polypeptide was 0.0579 ƒÊg/ml. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 29-kDa polypeptide was identical with that of p29 produced by B. thuringiensis A1519 strain and shared no significant homology with all the known proteins, suggesting that this polypeptide belong to a new family of B. thuringiensis crystal proteins. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=YamagiwaMasashi en-aut-sei=Yamagiwa en-aut-mei=Masashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=HiraoTaichi en-aut-sei=Hirao en-aut-mei=Taichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=KiyomiMasaaki en-aut-sei=Kiyomi en-aut-mei=Masaaki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=AkaoTetsuyuki en-aut-sei=Akao en-aut-mei=Tetsuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=MizukiEiichi en-aut-sei=Mizuki en-aut-mei=Eiichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=OhbaMichio en-aut-sei=Ohba en-aut-mei=Michio kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= en-aut-name=SakaiHiroshi en-aut-sei=Sakai en-aut-mei=Hiroshi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=7 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Biotechnology and Food Research Institute Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Biotechnology and Food Research Institute Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Agriculture Kyushu University affil-num=7 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=15 end-page=23 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=For Geometric Inference from Images, What Kind of Statistical Model Is Necessary? en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In order to facilitate smooth communications with researchers in other fields including statistics, this paper investigates the meaning of "statistical methods" for geometric inference based on image feature points, We point out that statistical analysis does not make sense unless the underlying "statistical ensemble" is clearly defined. We trace back the origin of feature uncertainty to image processing operations for computer vision in general and discuss the implications of asymptotic analysis for performance evaluation in reference to "geometric fitting", "geometric model selection", the "geometric AIC", and the "geometric MDL". Referring to such statistical concepts as "nuisance parameters", the "Neyman-Scott problem", and "semiparametric models", we point out that simulation experiments for performance evaluation will lose meaning without carefully considering the assumptions involved and intended applications. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=25 end-page=32 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Robust Image Matching under a Large Disparity en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We present a new method for detecting point matches between two images without using any combinatorial search. Our strategy is to impose various local and non-local constraints as "soft" constraints by introducing their "confidence" measures via "mean-field approximations". The computation is a cascade of evaluating the confidence values and sorting according to them. In the end, we impose the "hard" epipolar constraint by RANSAC. We also introduce a model selection procedure to test if the image mapping can be regarded as a homography. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by real image examples. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=KanazawaYasushi en-aut-sei=Kanazawa en-aut-mei=Yasushi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Knowledge-based Information Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=1 article-no= start-page=41 end-page=49 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2002 dt-pub=200211 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Automatic Camera Model Selection for Multibody Motion Segmentation en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=We study the problem of segmenting independently moving objects in a video sequence. Several algorithms exist for classifying the trajectories of the feature points into independent motions, but the performance depends on the validity of the underlying camera imaging model. In this paper, we present a scheme for automatically selecting the best model using the geometric AIC before the segmentation stage, Using real video sequences, we confirm that the segmentation accuracy indeed improves if the segmentation is based on the selected model. We also show that the trajectory data can be compressed into low-dimensional vectors using the selected model. This is very effective in reducing the computation time for a long video sequence. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SugayaYasuyuki en-aut-sei=Sugaya en-aut-mei=Yasuyuki kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanataniKenichi en-aut-sei=Kanatani en-aut-mei=Kenichi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Information Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=1 end-page=4 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Serration in A l-Zn Alloys Containing a Small Amount of Fe en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Effect of addition of Fe on the occurrence of serration in Al-12mass%Zn alloys was investigated. Specimens aged at 293K for various periods after quenching from various temperatures (T(Q)), 398K to 823K, were tensile-tested at room temperature. Serration occurred more easily and more remarkably with decreasing T(Q) for as-quenched specimens: in the case that T(Q)=448K serration was observed both for the binary and Fe added alloys, while in the case that T(Q)=573K none of the three alloys showed serration. For the binary alloy serration was observed only when the aging period was short enough, but addition of Fe to the binary alloy prolonged the aging period where serration could be recognized. Aging rate measured by hardness was remarkably retarded with the increase of Fe addition. These results confirm the interpretation that the serration in Al-Zn alloy occurs in the early stage of aging where small GP zones or solute clusters are formed. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=SakakibaraAkira en-aut-sei=Sakakibara en-aut-mei=Akira kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=KanadaniTeruto en-aut-sei=Kanadani en-aut-mei=Teruto kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Faculty of Engineering Okayama University of Science END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=5 end-page=12 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Observation of Microscopic Deformation Behavior of Cork en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Cork is a material that has many characteristics, for instance, light weight, elasticity, insulation against heat, impermeability for liquid, and so forth. There are two types of cork, the natural and the agglomerated corks. In the present paper, compression tests of the natural and the agglomerated cork specimens were carried out. The compression test were done in various directions. Compressive stress was measured by a original compression apparatus, and stress-strain curves were obtained in various directions of the cork specimens. In the natural cork, there are differences between the radial and the non-radial direction. The recovery of dimensions after compression was also studied in respective directions. The structure of the deformed surface was observed by a scanning electron microscope. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=AbeTakeji en-aut-sei=Abe en-aut-mei=Takeji kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=SatoTakashi en-aut-sei=Sato en-aut-mei=Takashi kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=45 end-page=60 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Estimation of Ground Resisitivity Distribution Using 3D DRM Charge Simulation Modelling en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=Resistivity distribution sounding of the non-homogeneous earth is important for electrical ground system design, geophysical prospecting and survey or monitoring the groundwater flow level. The previous paper presented that the direct inversion of the electric resistivity distribution in a domain is possible from the impedance data measured over the domain boundary using the dual reciprocity boundary element modelling in two-dimentional field [1]. The proposed inversion technique is extended to the distribution in three-dimensional space [2]. This technique is capable of inversion without iteration and meshing of the domain. Electric field with spatially varying conductivity is governed by Laplace equation, which is transformed into a Poisson-type expression with an inhomogeneous term involving the conductivity difference as a source term. Dual reciprocity method (DRM) is a technique for transforming the domain integral associated with the inhomogeneous term in Poisson equation into the boundary integral expression. The resistivity distribution in the field can thus be identified from the data observed over its boundary, for which some examples are demonstrated [2]. In this paper, the examination is extended to the case where only the data measured over the single surface is used for the inversion. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=XuWei en-aut-sei=Xu en-aut-mei=Wei kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= en-aut-name=ZhaoY. en-aut-sei=Zhao en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=2 ORCID= en-aut-name=HorikaneT. en-aut-sei=Horikane en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=3 ORCID= en-aut-name=HayataT. en-aut-sei=Hayata en-aut-mei=T. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=4 ORCID= en-aut-name=TosujiH. en-aut-sei=Tosuji en-aut-mei=H. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=5 ORCID= en-aut-name=KagawaY. en-aut-sei=Kagawa en-aut-mei=Y. kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=6 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=2 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=3 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=4 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=5 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Okayama University affil-num=6 en-affil= kn-affil=Dept. of Electronics and Information Systems, Akita Prefectural Univ. END start-ver=1.4 cd-journal=joma no-vol=37 cd-vols= no-issue=2 article-no= start-page=61 end-page=66 dt-received= dt-revised= dt-accepted= dt-pub-year=2003 dt-pub=200303 dt-online= en-article= kn-article= en-subject= kn-subject= en-title= kn-title=Motivation towards learning a second language (A Case Study-Part2. Denmark) en-subtitle= kn-subtitle= en-abstract= kn-abstract=In this case study, I will analyse and discuss the results of a survey concerning motivation towards learning a second language conducted in one Danish high school. The students surveyed were between the ages of 13-18. This section, part two of the study, was conducted in Copenhagen, Denmark. This region of the world was chosen because bilingualism is quite common there and a large portion of the school-aged community is learning a second language and often a third and even a fourth. Denmark, a European country, is different than Canada (Case Study-Part 1.) because it neighbours many countries, which use different mother tongues. en-copyright= kn-copyright= en-aut-name=VaillancourtChico en-aut-sei=Vaillancourt en-aut-mei=Chico kn-aut-name= kn-aut-sei= kn-aut-mei= aut-affil-num=1 ORCID= affil-num=1 en-affil= kn-affil=Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Okayama University, Faculty of Engineering END