岡山大学資源生物科学研究所 Acta Medica Okayama 0916-930X 4 1 1996 二条オオムギにおける裂皮粒歩合の品種変異と発生機構 89 96 EN Ryoichi Kanatani Kazuyoshi Takeda Hull-cracked grain which causes low germinability and low malt extract has been observed in malting barley varieties mainly in the western part of Japan. In the first part of this study, more than 600 two-rowed barley varieties were examined for the percentage of hull-cracked grains. A markedly skewed frequency distribution pattern was observed for varietal variation of hull-cracked grain percentage. More than 80% of the varieties developed less than 5% hull-cracked grains, while a few of the varieties frequently developed the hull-cracked grains. The maximum hull-cracked grain percentage was as high as 61% in Yoshikei 16. Improved varieties developed hull-cracked grains more frequently than the local varieties, indicating varietal improvement indirectly caused the hull-cracked grains. In the second part, nine two-rowed varieties were grown in eight different conditions to analyze the mechanism of hull-cracking. Variances due to varieties, environment and their interaction were all statistically significant. Some of the varieties developed almost no hull-cracked grains throughout the environmental conditions examined, while others sharply responded to the environmental conditions. The environmental correlation coefficient between 1,000-kernel weight and hull-cracked grains was as high as 0.918, indicating that hull-cracked grains had developed under favorable ripening conditions. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学資源生物科学研究所 Acta Medica Okayama 0916-930X 2 1 1994 二条オオムギのF2集団における裂皮粒歩合のダイアレル分析 79 89 EN Jiri Wu Kazuyoshi Takeda Ryoichi Kanatani Half diallel F2 populations crossed among eight two-rowed barley varieties with warious percentages of hull ruptured grains were raised to analyze the inheritance of the trait. The percentage of grains with hull rupture varied from 0 to 87% among the parents. The diallel analysis revealed the following: the trait was predominantly controlled by the additive genes, and the dominance effect of some parents was also significant. However, the epistatic effect of the genes was not significant. The average dominance was 0.97. The heritability value was estimated as 0.57 and 0.91 in a narrow and a broad sense, respectivelly. The percentage of grains with hull rupture showed continuous and transgressive segregations in 28 F2 populations derived from half diallel crosses among eight parents. Heritability of the trait in a broad sense was 0.43~0.80(0.65 on average) in 28 F2 populations. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

岡山大学資源生物科学研究所 Acta Medica Okayama 0916-930X 2 1 1994 オオムギにおける上位葉短縮型変異体の形質表現と遺伝性 69 78 EN Ryoichi Kanatani Jiri Wu Kazuyoshi Takeda A mutant which devolops an extremely shortened flag leaf and shorter upper leaves was obtained from the progeny of 90 KR of gamma-ray irradiated Fuji Nijo, a malting barley variety. This mutant was controlled by a single partial dominant gene named Sul (short upper leaves). The character expression and the inheritance of the gene were investigated in this study. Sul shortened the flag leaf and upper several leaves and uppermost internode length, while it did not affect the length of spike, lower leaves and the second or lower internodes. A reciprocal translocation of the chromosomes was observed in this mutant line, and the Sull gene was linked with the V (two-rowed) gene on chromosome 2, and also linked with the breaking point of the reciprocal translocation. Small leaf area caused by the Sull gene might reduce the mutual shading and the transpiration of the leaf canopy at the later growth stages. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.